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CPT > Chapter 6 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Flashcards

1
Q

What effect would sleep deprivation have on growth hormone and cortisol levels?

A

Inadequate sleep will decrease growth hormone and increase cortisol levels.

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2
Q

How would age and overall health affect testosterone levels among men?

A

A reduction in testosterone levels occurs with age, and overall health may affect the degree of change.

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3
Q

What are two ways to best improve the timely passage of food through the intestinal tracts and prevent constipation?

A

Ensure adequate water intake, and engage in an exercise program that is inclusive of both aerobic and resistance training

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4
Q

Where in the digestive system are most fluids absorbed?

A

Small intestine

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5
Q

What is stroke volume?

A

The amount of blood pumped out of the heart with each contraction

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6
Q

What is cardiac output?

A

The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute

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7
Q

The process of diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide gases in and out of the bloodstream occurs in what structure or structures?

A

Alveolar sacs

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8
Q

What component of breathing improves blood flow back to the heart?

A

Inspiration with a decrease in intrathoracic pressure

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9
Q

The cardiovascular and respiratory systems work together to provide the body with what gas?

A

Oxygen

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10
Q

Which type of training would most likely lead to increased levels of testosterone, insulin-like growth factors, and growth hormone?

A

Overload training that is of a high intensity with limited rest periods

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11
Q

What mechanism is responsible for increasing the rate of heart conduction?

A

Activation of the sympathetic nervous system

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12
Q

Which of the following effects may be experienced with overtraining?

A

High levels of cortisol, which lead to a catabolic environment

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13
Q

Where is the heart located in the thoracic cavity?

A

Central to the left and anterior to the spine

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14
Q

Which of the following muscles are responsible for normal resting state (quiet) breathing?

A

Diaphragm

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15
Q

Which of the following effects of the cardiovascular system occurs during exercise?

A

Increased ventricular filling

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16
Q

What is end-systolic volume?

A

The amount of blood remaining in the ventricle after contraction

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17
Q

Which component of blood is primarily responsible for transporting oxygenated blood throughout the body?

A

Red blood cells

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18
Q

Which system is comprised of the airways and lungs?

A

Respiratory

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19
Q

Which heart chamber receives deoxygenated blood and pumps it to the lungs?

A

Right ventricle

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20
Q

The pathway for hormones secreted by the endocrine system may be described by which of the following?

A

The gland secretes the hormone, which travels through the bloodstream to reach a target cell, where it binds to a receptor and influences a particular action.

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21
Q

Which heart chamber receives oxygenated blood and pumps it to the body?

A

Left ventricle

22
Q

Where in the heart is the sinoatrial node located?

A

Right atrium

23
Q

Food in the stomach is processed and then passes into what anatomical structure?

A

Duodenum of the small intestine

24
Q

What structure in the heart transfers the electrical signal from the sinoatrial (SA) node to the atrioventricular (AV) node?

A

Internodal pathway

25
Q

Which heart chamber gathers deoxygenated blood returning to the heart from the superior and inferior vena cava veins?

A

Right atrium

26
Q

What change would lead to an increase in cardiac output during exercise?

A

Increased heart rate

27
Q

Which of the following exercises would be most likely to contribute to an acute increase in testosterone levels?

A

Back squat

28
Q

What term is used to describe the premise that increased ventricular filling improves contractile force of the heart as a result of greater stretch of cardiac fibers?

A

Frank Starling Law of the Heart

29
Q

What area of the chest contains the heart?

A

Mediastinum

30
Q

Which of the following hormones have an anabolic function and have been shown to increase up to 48 hours following resistance training?

A

Insulin-like growth factor (IGF)

31
Q

The cardiovascular and respiratory systems work together to remove what waste product?

A

Carbon dioxide

32
Q

What is end-diastolic volume?

A

The amount of blood in the ventricle before contraction

33
Q

What training tip would enhance the benefits of resistance training by helping increase growth hormone, testosterone, and epinephrine?

A

Slowing down the speed of contractions during the eccentric and concentric phases

34
Q

What type of vessel is responsible for carrying blood back to the heart?

A

Veins

35
Q

The pancreas secretes which of the following hormones?

A

Insulin

36
Q

Which endocrine gland serves as a communication channel between the brain and pituitary gland?

A

Hypothalamus

37
Q

What is a normal respiratory rate for an adult during rest?

A

15 breaths per minute

38
Q

Which heart chamber gathers oxygenated blood coming to the heart from the lungs?

A

Left atrium

39
Q

The difference between the end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes is referred to as what?

A

Stroke volume

40
Q

Which component of blood is primarily responsible for clotting mechanisms?

A

Platelets

41
Q

Which of the following blood pressure values would be classified as normal according to the American Heart Association?

A

Systolic <120 and diastolic <80

42
Q

Which of the following processes describes the passage of digested food into the blood system to be processed for energy, nutrients, and tissue building?

A

Absorption

43
Q

Catecholamines are responsible for which of the following actions?

A

Increased lipolysis

44
Q

What is the primary function of the large intestine?

A

Absorption of food and passage of waste into the rectum

45
Q

What is the primary muscle type of the heart?

A

Cardiac

46
Q

How can basal metabolic rate (BMR) best be defined?

A

The amount of energy required to maintain the body at rest

47
Q

Which of the following hormones, if increased at baseline, may be indicative of overtraining?

A

Cortisol

48
Q

What advice would enable a client to breathe properly?

A

Sit upright and slowly breathe in through your nose while allowing your stomach to expand.

49
Q

What anatomical heart structure is referred to as “the pacemaker of the heart”?

A

Sinoatrial node

50
Q

Abnormal breathing may be associated with which of the following effects?

A

Shallow rapid breaths with use of the sternocleidomastoid

51
Q

What would be considered a normal resting heart rate for a healthy sedentary person?

A

80 beats per minute

CPT (23 decks)

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