Chapter 6 Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are stimulants?
Recreational and medicinal drugs that heighten mood, increase alertness, and decrease fatigue.
What two groups do we separate them by?
According to their legal and social status
What are some examples of controlled stimulants?
Cocaine, amphetamines, methylphenidate (Ritalin), and methcathinone (bath salts)
Where was the coca leaf found?
Bolivia, Argentina, Peru
How did the people back then use the coca leaf?
They chewed the leaves for multiple different purposes, common for religious ceremonies
What year was cocaine invented?
1850s
What was Freud first known for?
His writings on cocaine
When was the first epidemic of cocaine abuse? Why was it so easily available?
1880s, doctors prescribed it and it was available without prescription in patent medicines
What is formication?
A sensation of insects crawling over the skin
What was the 1914 Harrison Narcotics Act?
When the public turned against cocaine because it started to causing psychosis, overdoses death, and severe addiction.
Why was cocaine so popular?
It was a popular ingredient in many remedies and tonics of the late 1800s.
What are amphetamines? When we’re they used?
Synthetic stimulant drugs first used for medical use in the 1920s but had been researched for a while. Widespread abuse in 1960s.
Where were amphetamines mainly abused? What was their street name?
Japan, Sweden, and parts of Europe after WWII. Speed is it’s street names & it caused stimulant psychosis.
When did cocaine make a comeback? Who used it?
1970s. Came back as a “natural” and “organic” drug. Considered a “rich people drug”
When did cocaine become more affordable?
1980s & 1990s. Frequently abused.
What is crack and when did it become more popular?
1986, inexpensive smokable form of cocaine.
Where was the cocaine coming from during the Cocaine War? What was the cocaine market controlled by?
It was coming from Latin America. It is now currently controlled by organized gangs.
When did meth make its comeback? Where and when did they spread?
1990s: regained popularity, spread from the West Coast and Hawaii to the East by 2005. Meth labs started popping up.
Where is 80% of used meth now from?
Mexico
What we’re bath salts originally used for?
Plant food, fertilizer.
Where were bath salts made?
Insecticide in Israel unknown till 2000s. Super popular in Europe.
What banned the two bath salts mephedrone and MDPV?
They caused widespread hospitalizations and overdoses.
How can bath salts be legally used?
When they are labeled “not for human consumption”
Are the affects of certain stimulants similar?
Yes, oral administration has fast absorption but the drug action and peak effect is lower than other methods. IV and smoking has intense effects within 30 seconds but doesn’t last as long.
