Chapter 6

Question 1

Infected finger

Answer 1

Finger with visible redness, pain, swelling, broken skin, or pus.

Question 2

Pyogenic granuloma

Answer 2

Severe inflammation of the nail in which a lump of red tissue grows up from the nail bed to the nail plate

Question 3

Discolored mail

Answer 3

Mail that has turned a variety of colors. May indicate surface staining, a stystemic disorder, or poor circulation

Question 4

Onychorrhexis

Answer 4

Irregular split or brittle nails

Question 5

Onycholysis

Answer 5

Separation of the nail plate and bed, often due to injury or allergic reactions.

Question 6

Nail melanoma

Answer 6

Subungual melanoma. A rare cancer that starts in the nail matrix. It is more pravelant in the thumb and big toes. Un treated can spread.

Question 7

Onychosis

Answer 7

Any deformity or disease of the natural nails

Question 8

Onychia

Answer 8

Inflammation of the nail matrix followed by the shedding of natural nail caused by infection or injury.

Question 9

Leukonychia

Answer 9

Whitish discoloration found inside the nail plate usually caused by injury to the nail matrix.

Question 10

Tinea pedis

Answer 10

Athletes foot. Fungal infection of the feet. Seen as red patches or scaling of the skin on the bottom on the feet and or between the toe

Question 11

Onychomadesis

Answer 11

Separation of nail plate from the nail bed. Caused by infection, matrix injury, or medical procedure

Question 12

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Answer 12

Rapidly growing and contagious bacteria that’s can cause infection. Seen as yellow in early stages. Becomes a green spot.

Question 13

beaus lines

Answer 13

depressions running across the nails plate’s width due to a slowing production of matrix cells

Question 14

nail psoriasis

Answer 14

nail surface pitting, roughness, onycholysis, and bed discolorations randomly or evenly spaced; nail plate may appear as if it has been filed with a coarse abrasive, or the free edge may be ragged, or both

Question 15

bruised nail bed

Answer 15

dark purplish spots, usually due to a small nail bed injury

Question 16

tinea pedis

Answer 16

also known as athlete’s foot; medical term for fungal infection of the feet; often seen as red patches or scaling of the skin on the bottom of feet and/or between the toe

Question 17

paronychia

Answer 17

bacterial inflammation of the tissues surrounding the nail; redness, pus, and swelling are usually present

Question 18

onycholysis

Answer 18

separation of the nail plate and bed, often due to injury or allergic reactions

Question 19

eggshell nail

Answer 19

noticeably thin, white nail plate that is more flexible than usual; usually caused by poor diet, heredity, internal disease, medication, or overfiling with an abrasive

Question 20

onychophagy

Answer 20

also known as bitten nails; result of a habit of chewing the nail or chewing the hardened skin surrounding the nail plate

Question 21

infected finger

Answer 21

finger with visible redness, pain, swelling, broken skin, or pus

Question 22

onychorrhexis

Answer 22

irregular split or brittle nails appearing as nail plate surface roughness; potentially caused by heredity, matrix injury, excessive exposure to cuticle removers, harsh cleaning agents, or aggressive filing techniques

Question 23

ridged nail

Answer 23

vertical lines running the length of the natural nail plate, usually the result of aging

Question 24

onychomadesis

Answer 24

separation and falling off of a nail plate from the nail bed; caused by infection, matrix injury, systemic illness, or medical procedure

Question 25

hangnail

Answer 25

damaged skin around the nail plate (often on the eponychium) becomes split or torn

Question 26

nail pterygium

Answer 26

irregular stretching of the eponychium or hyponychium around the nail plate; usually from serious injury or an allergic skin reaction

Question 27

plicatured nail

Answer 27

also known as folded nail; a type of highly curved nail plate usually caused by injury to the matrix, but may be inherited

Question 28

onychomycosis

Answer 28

nail plate fungal infection, consisting of whitish patches that can be scraped off the nail’s surface or long whitish or pale yellowish streaks within the nail plate

Question 29

splinter hemorrhage

Answer 29

damage to the capillaries under the nail, giving the appearance of a lengthwise small splinter underneath the nail plate; caused by physical trauma or nail bed injury

Question 30

leukonychia

Answer 30

whitish discoloration found inside the nail plate, usually caused by injury to the nail matrix

Question 31

onychocryptosis

Answer 31

also known as ingrown nail; nail grows into the living tissue around the nail

Question 32

pincer nail

Answer 32

also known as trumpet nail; a form of dramatically increased nail curvature of the free edge, whereby the nail can curl in upon itself or may be deformed only on one sidewall

Question 33

melanonychia

Answer 33

significant darkening of the fingernails or toenails caused by increased pigment cells (melanocytes); may be seen as a black band under or within the nail plate, extending from the base to the free edge

Question 34

nail disorder

Answer 34

an unhealthy nail condition that is hereditary or caused by injury or disease of the nail unit