chapter 6

Question 1

what are the three forms of local communication

Answer 1

• gap junctions
• contact-dependent signals
• chemicals released in ECF

Question 2

explain gap junctions

Question 3

explain contact-dependent signals

Question 4

explain chemical released in the ECF

Question 5

what are the two forms of long-distance communication

Answer 5

• chemical signals
• electrical signals

Question 6

explain chemical signals

Question 7

explain electrical signals

Question 8

what are the sequence of events that follow lipophilic ligand binding to intracellular receptors

Question 9

what is the sequence of events for lipophobic ligand binding to a cell surface receptor

Question 10

what are the four major groups of cell surface receptors

Question 11

how do cascades play a role in signal transduction

Question 12

how does signal amplification play a role in signal transduction

Question 13

apply specificity to receptors and their ligands

Question 14

apply competition to receptors and their ligands

Question 15

apply affinity to receptors and their ligands

Question 16

apply saturation to receptors and their ligands

Question 17

what is the role of up-regulation in modulating cell responses to receptors and their ligands

Question 18

what is the role of down regulation in modulating cell responses to receptors and their ligands

Question 19

what is the role of pathway termination in modulating cell responses to receptors and their ligands

Question 20

what Canon’s four postulates

Question 21

give an example of each of canon’s four postulates

Question 22

what are the seven steps of a reflex control pathway

Question 23

compare the speed in neural and endocrine reflex

Question 24

compare specificity in neural and endocrine reflex

Question 25

compare types of signals in in neural and endocrine reflex

Question 26

compare duration of action in neural and endocrine reflex

Question 27

how is stimulus intensity coded in each type of reflex