chapter 6

Question 1

The Constitutional Convention

Answer 1

group of esteemed individuals gathered to draft a new constitution for the United States.

Question 2

The Delegates

Answer 2

55 delegates, all of whom were while, male, and relatively young. they were well educated, with many being practicing lawyers and having helped write their state constitution

Question 3

Virginia Plan

Answer 3

favored large states, with representation based on population

Question 4

New Jersey Plan

Answer 4

favored small states, with equal representation for all states

Question 5

Connecticut Plan

Answer 5

Compromise solution, with a two-house Congress (senate and house of representatives)

Question 6

Three-fifths compromise

Answer 6

decided by south Carolina in second Continental Congress to court enslaved people as 3/5 of a person to handle states taxation without representation.

Question 7

Presidency

Answer 7

4 years per term, have to be older than 35, and born in america

Question 8

Ratification

Answer 8

to pass the new constitution only 9 out of the 13 states had to vote in favor

Question 9

Federalists

Answer 9

supported a strong central government and the constitution, led by Alexander Hamilton

Question 10

Anti-Federalists

Answer 10

opposed a strong central government and wanted to stick with eh articles of confederation, led by Thomas Jefferson

Question 11

Federalists Papers

Answer 11

persuasive essay written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay. 85 essays presented reasons for the believe of ratifying the constitution

Question 12

Pro-Bill of rights

Answer 12

anti-federalists argued that a strong central government could act similarly to the tyrannical government of Britain, believed bill of rights was needed to protect Americans against a corrupt gov.

Question 13

Con-Bill of rights

Answer 13

federalists argued Congress would be elected by the people so they did not need protection. the also believe that listing specific rights could lead to the assumption that unlisted rights could be violated

Question 14

first amendment

Answer 14

protects freedom of speech, press, assembly, and petition

Question 15

second amendment

Answer 15

protects the right to bear arms

Question 16

third amendment

Answer 16

no quartering soldiers

Question 17

fourth amendment

Answer 17

right to search and seizures

Question 18

fifth amendment

Answer 18

protects against self-incrimination and ensures due process

Question 19

sixth amendment

Answer 19

ensures the right to speedy and public trial

Question 20

seventh amendment

Answer 20

preservers the right to trail by jury

Question 21

eighth amendment

Answer 21

prohibits excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishments

Question 22

ninth amendment

Answer 22

ensures unlisted rights that are not denied or disparaged

Question 23

tenth amendment

Answer 23

reserves powers not delegated to the U.S. to the states or the people

Question 24

Washington’s cabinet

Answer 24

• Thomas Jefferson as secretary of state
• Alexander Hamilton as secretary of the treasury
• Henry Knox as Secretary of war
• Edmund Randolph as attorney general

Question 25

Federal Court System

Answer 25

judiciary act of 1789 established a supreme court with one chief justice an 5 associate justices that served for life

Question 26

Hamilton's Financial Program

Answer 26

1. paying off national debt at face value and having the federal government assume the war debts of the states 2. protecting infant industries and collecting adequate revenues through high tariffs on imported goods 3. dreaming a national bank for depositing government fund and printing bank notes

Question 27

French Revolution

Answer 27

series of war between new french Republic and the monarchies of Europe. Washington's entire presidency was a question on whether to give U.S. support to France or any other parties involved

Question 28

Proclamation of Neutrality (1793)

Answer 28

Washington's act stating that the U.S. would not take sides in the conflict between France and its enemies. he believed the nation was not strong enough for another war this decision was opposed by Jefferson and his followers

Question 29

Jay treaty (1795)

Answer 29

maintained Washington's policy of Neutrality. was unpopular among Americans supporters of France

Question 30

Pinckney Treaty (1795)

Answer 30

because Spain thought the U.S. was getting closer with Britain and granted U.S. navigation rights on the Mississippi river, use of the port of new orleans

Question 31

Natives and Northwest Confederacy

Answer 31

a group who resisted American settlers. general Anthony defeated the tribes and the treaty of Greenville was signed to next year surrendering claims to the Ohio territory

Question 32

The Whiskey Rebllion (1794)

Answer 32

was a tax protest in western Pennsylvania where farmers refused to pay the federal excise tax on whiskey. Washington responding by sending 15000 soldiers causing rebellion to collapse

Question 33

Federalists

Answer 33

John Adams, Hamilton, interpret constitution loosely, pro-british, develop large peacetime army and navy, aid business, create a national bank, northeastern states, growth of federal power

Question 34

Democratic-Republican

Answer 34

Jefferson, Madison, interpret strictly, pro-french, develop small peacetime army and navy, favor agriculture, oppose a national bank, southern states and western frontier, argued for states rights

Question 35

Washington's Farewell Address

Answer 35

warned against: - getting involved in European affairs - making permanent alliances in foreign political parties - forming political parties - falling into sectionalism

Question 36

XYZ Affairs

Answer 36

presented Adams first challenge of his presidency, foreign affairs with diplomats

Question 37

Alien and Sedition Acts

Answer 37

laws restricting their political opponents, allowed president to: - deport immigrants considered dangerous - detain enemy immigrants in time of war - punish newspaper editors who criticized the president or congress

Question 38

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Answer 38

D-R argues that the Alien and sedition act broke the 1st amendment in response they enacted nullifying laws in state legislatures of Kentucky and Virginia. states don't have to follow federal laws if they see it as unconstitutional

Question 39

Election of 1800

Answer 39

swept federalists power from both executive and legislative branches. since Jefferson and burr tied the House held vote to break the tie. with Hamilton endorsement Jefferson won. power passed between parties without violence