Chapter-6 Flashcards
Motivating workers
What is motivation in a business context?
Motivation refers to the factors that influence the behavior of workers in striving to achieve set business goals.
What is labour productivity?
Labour productivity is a measure of the efficiency of workers, calculated by determining the output per worker.
What is absenteeism in the workplace?
Absenteeism refers to workers’ non-attendance at work without a valid reason.
What is labor turnover?
Labor turnover is the rate at which workers leave a business.
What are the benefits of a well-motivated workforce?
1) Improved productivity
2) Low rate of absenteeism
3) More competitive
4) Better quality goods and services
5) Low rate of labour turnover
Describe Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs and explain its relevance in understanding human motivation.
1) Physical needs: Basic necessities such as water, food, shelter, clothing, and rest.
2) Safety needs: Security, job safety, and protection from threats.
3) Social needs: Friendship, acceptance, and belonging to a group.
4) Esteem needs: Respect from others, recognition for achievements, and status.
5) Self-actualization: Achieving one’s full potential and personal growth.
What are the limitations of Maslow’s theory of motivation?
1) Difficulty in determining how much of each need has been satisfied and identifying a worker’s position in the hierarchy.
2) Money may fulfill both lower-level and esteem needs, complicating its role in motivation.
3) Individual differences mean not everyone shares the same needs outlined by Maslow.
4) Self-actualization is rarely achieved, and it requires continuous provision of challenging tasks.
5) Lack of challenging tasks can lead to demotivation.
What is the theory of economic man?
The theory of economic man suggests that humans are solely motivated by money and financial rewards.
What is piece-rate pay?
Piece-rate pay is a payment method where workers are paid based on the number of units they produce.
What are some hygiene factors in Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory?
1) Working conditions – Includes cleanliness, safety, and facilities such as washrooms, drinks machines, and canteens.
2) Relationships with others – Importance of good relationships with colleagues and managers to ensure fairness and respect.
3) Salary and wage – Must be sufficient to encourage work, but alone does not motivate workers to perform well.
4) Supervision – Considers the importance of leadership style and how closely workers are supervised.
5) Company policy and administration – Refers to rules and procedures that control work and influence workplace relationships.
What are motivators?
Motivators are factors that influence a person to increase their efforts.
What is job dissatisfaction?
Job dissatisfaction is how unhappy and discontent a person is with their job.
What are some motivators that influence worker motivation?
1) The work itself: Tasks should be varied and challenging, achieved through job enrichment.
2) Responsibility: Giving workers more control over their tasks shows trust and value.
3) Advancement: Opportunities for promotion motivate workers.
4) Achievement: Workers need to feel they have met challenging goals.
5) Recognition of achievement: Workers need their achievements recognized by management and colleagues.
What is F.W Taylor’s Theory?
Taylor’s theory focuses on improving efficiency by finding the quickest method for tasks and training workers to use it. Taylor’s theory states that workers are only motivated by money, leading to the piece-rate pay system, where workers are paid for each unit produced.
What are financial rewards?
Financial rewards are cash and non-cash rewards paid to workers, often used to motivate them to increase their efforts.
What are non-financial rewards?
Non-financial rewards are methods used to motivate workers that do not involve giving any financial reward.
What are some financial motivators?
1) Hour wage rate
2) Salary
3) Piece-rate and commission
4) Bonus schemes
5) Fringe benefits
6) Profit-sharing
What are some non-financial rewards?
1) Job rotation
2) Job enlargement
3) Job enrichment
4) Quality circles
5) Team working
6) Delegation
