Chapter 6

Question 1

The _____ encompasses a wide range of businesses, called airlines, which offer air transport services for paying customers or business partners.
Provides service for human travelers and cargo
Airlines may offer scheduled and/or chartered services and the airline industry forms a key part of the wider travel industry, providing customers with the ability to purchase seats on flights and travel to different parts of the world.
The airline industry offers a variety of career paths, including pilots, flight attendants and

Answer 1

Airline industry

Question 2

• refers to companies that offer air transport services to paying customers
•can be classed as just one sector of the wider aviation industry.

Answer 2

Airline Industry

Question 3

includes all aviation related businesses.
-manufacturing, maintenance, operations

Answer 3

Aviation Industry

Question 4

3 Different Type of Airlines

Answer 4

International Airlines
National
Regional

Question 5

group of the largest, most high-profile and most successful airlines. They make billions in revenue each year and operate large passenger jets. These airlines also tend to focus their efforts on offering global services, carrying passengers and cargo over large distances.

Answer 5

International Airlines

Question 6

represent the next step down from the largest international airlines. They will typically offer both medium-sized and large-sized jets and will often focus on offering services to areas within their home country, but many will offer access to international destinations too.

The destinations they offer flights to are influenced by seasonal fluctuations in demand.

Answer 6

National Airlines

Question 7

are the smallest of the three main types and focus on offering services within specific regions. In many cases, they provide passenger services to parts of the world with lower levels of demand and where services are not offered by either national or international airlines.

Answer 7

Regional Airlines

Question 8

3 Size type of Regional Airlines

Answer 8

Large Regionals
Medium Regionals
Small Regionals

Question 9

These airlines have annual revenue of 20 to 100 million dollars with more than 60 seats.

Answer 9

Large Regionals

Question 10

These airlines have operating revenue of under 20 million dollars and use small aircraft with an average of 40-60 seats.

Answer 10

Medium Regionals

Question 11

These airlines are usually referred to as “commuter airlines” and use small aircraft.

Answer 11

Small Regionals

Question 12

Airline Classification based on Operations

Answer 12

Scheduled Airlines
Non-scheduled/Charter Airlines

Question 13

These airlines operate based on a schedule and regular routes.

Answer 13

Scheduled Airlines

Question 14

These are also called charter airlines. These airlines do not fly based on schedule and usually operate during off-peak hours, and are flexible in terms of choice of airport, flight times, and load factors.

Answer 14

Non-scheduled Airlines

Question 15

are airlines that operate with a business model that includes offering a range of pre-flight and on-board services with the price of the ticket. This may include, for instance, checked baggage, in-flight meals and multiple service classes, such as first-class, business class, economy class, etc. They usually offer domestic, international, long haul and short-haul slights

Answer 15

Full Service Carriers

Question 16

are airlines that aim to gain a competitive advantage over full-service carriers by reducing costs. Their business model tends to center around promoting value for money.

They tend not to offer lounge services at airports and things like in-flight meals and baggage allowances will almost certainly not be included in the price of the ticket. Instead, where they are available, customers pay for them separately.

Answer 16

Low-Cost Carriers

Question 17

Also known as holiday carriers, are focused very firmly on providing passenger services to tourists. In most cases, however, they do not sell airline tickets directly. Instead, they will enter into agreements with tour operators and/or travel agencies, who then take responsibility for finding passengers for them.

Answer 17

Charter Airlines

Question 18

also known as air freight carriers, are airlines that are either solely or primarily focused on the air transportation of cargo or freight.

Answer 18

Cargo Airlines

Question 19

Under cargo airlines - uses air transport

Answer 19

Traditional Cargo Carriers

Question 20

Under cargo: offer multiple modes of transportation

Answer 20

Integrated Cargo Carriers

Question 21

refers to a designated route for aircraft flying from a specific airport to another at specified minimum altitudes.

Answer 21

Airline Route

Question 22

refers to the distance of a flight from the point of origin to the destination.

Answer 22

Flight Length

Question 23

4 Flight Length Categories

Answer 23

Short-haul
Medium-haul
Long-haul
Ultra-long-haul

Question 24

is a form of travel by air for less than three (3) to four (4) hours.

Answer 24

Short-haul

Question 25

is a form of travel by air for about four (4) to eight (8) hours

Answer 25

Medium-haul

Question 26

It is a form of travel by air that takes up to 13 hours.

Answer 26

Long-haul

Question 27

is a form of travel by air that is beyond 13 hours.

Answer 27

Ultra-long-haul

Question 28

This is where a traveler goes from Point A to Point B on the same aircraft, having no stop in between.

Answer 28

Nonstop Flight

Question 29

This is where a traveler goes from Point A to Point B on the same aircraft but will have to stop at another airport in between.

Answer 29

Direct Flight

Question 30

This is where a traveler must change planes with different flight numbers once or more to get to his/her destination.

Answer 30

Connecting Flight

Question 31

To handle the airline matters, the government created an office under of the Department of Commerce and Communications.

Answer 31

1931

Question 32

The first domestic airline, Philippine Airlines (PAL), was founded. PAL is now also the flagcarrier airline of the Philippines.

Answer 32

1941

Question 33

The Civil Aeronautics Board and the Civil Aeronautics Administration was reorganized due to the Republic Act 776.

Answer 33

1952

Question 34

known as the Civil Aeronautics Act of the Philippines, was passed, reorganizing the Civil Aeronautics Board and the CAA, defining their respective powers and duties, making adjustments as to the funds and personnel and regulating civil aeronautics.

Answer 34

R.A 776

Question 35

As it is the sole domestic airline, Philippine Airlines (PAL) was virtually monopolizing the country’s aviation industry. PAL continues to dominate the industry by having the monopoly on domestic travels. ___ – The airline was given a new franchise, however, under a provision that the government regulated the fares.

Answer 35

1978

Question 36

The industry was liberalized with the establishment of domestic and international civil aviation liberalization policy and the government control was removed.

Answer 36

1995

Question 37

Competing airlines increased. Due to this, PAL’s market share decreased. Moreover, here is the current airline industry in numbers

Answer 37

1999

Question 38

Current Airline Industry Numbers

Answer 38

71 airports 11- intil 32 - domestic 28 - gen navigation

Question 39

4 major commerical airlines, carry majority of intl n dometic flights in the country

Answer 39

Cebu Pacific Air Asia PAL SKYJET

Question 40

are a set of commercial aviation rights that grant airlines the privilege to enter and land in foreign countries' airspaces and to carry passengers and cargo. These freedoms were established to facilitate international air travel and trade, though the first five are the most widely recognized and formally defined by international treaties like the Chicago Convention.

Answer 40

Freedoms of the Air

Question 41

The right to fly over a foreign country without landing. Example: An airline from Country A flying over Country B's airspace on its way to Country C.

Answer 41

First Freedom

Question 42

The right to land in a foreign country for non-traffic purposes, such as refueling or maintenance, without embarking or disembarking passengers or cargo. Example: An airline from Country A flying to Country C makes a technical stop in Country B to refuel.

Answer 42

Second Freedom

Question 43

The right to fly from one's own country to another country and disembark passengers and cargo. Example: An airline from Country A flies passengers from Country A to Country B.

Answer 43

Third Freedom

Question 44

The right to fly from another country to one's own country and embark passengers and cargo. Example: An airline from Country A flies passengers from Country B back to Country

Answer 44

Fourth Freedom

Question 45

The right to fly between two foreign countries on a flight that originates or terminates in one's own country. This allows an airline to pick up and drop off passengers and cargo in a foreign country on a route that includes their home country. Example: An airline from Country A flies from Country A to Country B, picks up passengers in Country B, and flies them to Country C.

Answer 45

Fifth Freedom

Question 46

The right to fly from a foreign country to another foreign country by stopping in one's own country. This is essentially a combination of the Third and Fourth Freedoms, allowing an airline to carry traffic between two other countries via a hub in their home country. Example: An airline from Country A flies passengers from Country B to Country A, and then flies those passengers from Country A to Country C.

Answer 46

Sixth Freedom

Question 47

The right to fly between two foreign countries without touching one's own country. This is a significant liberalization as it allows an airline to operate routes that are entirely outside its home country. Example: An airline from Country A operates a route directly between Country B and Country C.

Answer 47

Seventh Freedom

Question 48

e right to fly within a foreign country on a flight that originates or terminates in one's own country. This is also known as consecutive cabotage. Example: An airline from Country A flies from Country A to Country B, and then flies from city X to city Y within Country B as part of the same service.

Answer 48

Eighth Freedom

Question 49

The right to fly within a foreign country without the flight originating or terminating in one's own country. This is also known as stand-alone cabotage and is the most restrictive freedom, rarely granted to foreign airlines as it involves operating purely domestic services in another country. Example: An airline from Country A operates a flight solely between city X and city Y within Country B.

Answer 49

Ninth Freedom

Question 50

World's best Business Class airlines

Answer 50

Qatar Airways

Question 51

World's Best First Class Airlines

Answer 51

Singapore Airlines

Question 52

World's Best Economy Wirlines

Answer 52

Japan Airlines

Question 53

Best Low Cost Airline

Answer 53

Air Asia

Question 54

World's Most Family Friendly Wirline

Answer 54

Air Canada

Question 55

Highest quality, inflight entertajment system

Answer 55

Cathay Pacific

Question 56

Small Regionals is also known as

Answer 56

Commuter Airlines