Chapter 6: 2.1 - Organized: RBC-WBC

Question 1

diemensions of an RBC

Answer 1

7um in diamter
2um thick
-hourglass appearance when viewed on its side.

Question 2

what is used to lyse RBCs?

Answer 2

acetic acid

-supravital staining may also be helpful

Question 3

RBC normal value in urine

Answer 3

0-2/hpf

Question 4

RBCs appear to be swollen/ghost cells in what kind of urine?

Answer 4

Hypotonic urine - diluted

Question 5

RBCs appear to be shrunken or crenated in what kind of urine?

Answer 5

Hypertonic urine

-high solute concentration; specific gravity

Question 6

RBC:

clinical significance in urine

Answer 6

glomerular damage
vascular injury(genitourinary tract)
renal calculi

Question 7

Non pathologic:

presence of RBC in urine

Answer 7

• RBC w/ hyaline, granular and RBC casts

- after strenous exercise, menstural contamination

Question 8

Diemnsions of WBC

Answer 8

10-15 microns (12 microns for neutrophils)

Question 9

what kind of urine does WBCs lyse

Answer 9

Dilute alkaline urine

Question 10

Normal value of WBC in urine

Answer 10

<5 WBC/hpf

Question 11

WBC number is higher in (male/female)?

Answer 11

female

Question 12

WBCs are distinguished from RBC by the addition of what solvent?

Answer 12

10% HAc

Question 13

increased WBC in urine is called.. (due to infection or inflammation in the genitourinary system)

Answer 13

pyuria

Question 14

Glitter cells are what kind of cells?

Answer 14

swollen neutrophils in dilute/hypotonic urine

Question 15

Glitter cells have sparkling appearances due to what effect?

Answer 15

Brownian movement

Question 16

WBC

clinical significance in urine

Answer 16

I. Bacterial infections
(pyelonephritis, cystitis, prostitis, urehtritis)
II. Nonbacterial infections
(glomerulonephritis, lupus erythromatosus, interstitial nepritis, tumors)

Question 17

primarily associated with drug-induced interstitial nephritis.
small numbers in UTI

Answer 17

Eosiophiluria

Question 18

Normal Value of WBC in Urine

Answer 18

<5 WBC/hpf

Question 19

When is eosinophils considered significant in urine?

Answer 19

if it constitutes more than 1% of 100 to 500 cells

Question 20

what stain is used to evaluate eosinophils?

Answer 20

Hansel or wright stains

Question 21

mononuclear cells (histocytes, monocytes, macrophage, lymphocytes or plasma cells) - indicates..

Answer 21

inflammatory process

renal transplant rejection

Question 22

what WBC can be seen as increased in renal transplant rejection?

Answer 22

Lymphocytes

Question 23

WBC:
large cells and may appear vacuolated or contain inclusions
- viral infection
- chronic inflammation is indicated if this cells constitue 30% or more in a differential count

Answer 23

Monocytes, macrophages, and histiocytes