Chapter 6

Question 1

Classes Of neurons

Answer 1

Neurons are classified by the number of projections

Question 2

Unipolar Neuron

Answer 2

Contact Senses (the sense of touch, one projection sensory neuron)

Question 3

Bipolar Neuron

Answer 3

Distances Senses (detecting objects far away vision, hearing, smell) (two projections)

Question 4

Multipolar Neuron

Answer 4

Motor neurons in PMS ( more than two things growing from soma)

Question 5

Interneuron

Answer 5

Found in the CNS for processing information

Question 6

Local-circuit Interneurons

Answer 6

Process Information (star shaped)

Question 7

Projection Interneurons

Answer 7

Carry information to spinal cord ( pyramid shaped, long axons)

Question 8

Purkinje cells

Answer 8

Carry information from cerebellum to other parts of brain and the spinal cord (fan shaped body with a lot of dendrites)

Question 9

Soma

Answer 9

cell body of a neuron contains the nucleus and other structures common to living cells

Question 10

Nucleus

Answer 10

ontains the genetic material in the form of chromosomes.

Question 11

Axon

Answer 11

transmit messages

Question 12

Dendrite

Answer 12

Receive chemical messages

Question 13

Axon Hillock

Answer 13

Biological decision maker it decides wether or not to pass on a message

Question 14

Myelin Sheath

Answer 14

Speeds up neuroconduction, provides electrical instillation

Question 15

Node of Ranvier

Answer 15

gaps of myelin sheath, areas where axon is showing

Question 16

Axon Terminal

Answer 16

conducts electrical signals to a nerve synapse

Question 17

Microtubules

Answer 17

Transports material from the soma to the axonal ending and back

Question 18

Synaptic Vesicles

Answer 18

Special membrane bubbles containing neurotransmitters

Question 19

Anterograde Transport

Answer 19

Information goes from soma to the axonal ending

Question 20

Retrograde Transport

Answer 20

Information going back to the soma

Question 21

Neuroglial Cells

Answer 21

Like glue, Outnumber neurons 10-1

Question 22

Astrocytes

Answer 22

provide energy to neurons (star shaped)

Question 23

Oligodendrocytes

Answer 23

Creates myelin sheath for axons in CNS

Question 24

Microglial Cells

Answer 24

act as a scavenger helps remove dead tissue in brain and act as a mild immune system by inducing inflammation

Question 25

Schwann Cells

Answer 25

Create myelin sheath in PNS. one shwann cell per myelin sheath

Question 26

Golgi Staining

Answer 26

Silver nitrate created outline of neurons

Question 27

Nissl Staining

Answer 27

uses cresyl violet to strain neural tissue releases dye allow you to see structure with cell body 100 billion neurons

Question 28

Myelin Staining

Answer 28

Specifically to look at myelinated axons shows region where neurons are

Question 29

Electron Microscopy

Answer 29

10,000 times magnification (allowed us to see synapse)

Question 30

Amino acid autoradiography

Answer 30

inject substance by cell bodies and anterograde it shows where neurons are projecting

Question 31

Horseradish Peroxide

Answer 31

Transport back to soma

Question 32

ion

Answer 32

a charged particle

Question 33

potentials

Answer 33

electrical charge/ electrical signals

Question 34

Graded potential

Answer 34

electrical signals that very in strength

Question 35

decremental potential

Answer 35

electrical signals that fade in strength

Question 36

Synaptic Potential

Answer 36

Electical signals resulting from communication across the synapse they occur in dendrites and soma are graded and decremental