Chapter 6/7 Review Flashcards
What is synthesis
Two elements combine to form a single element
2H 2 +O 2→2H 2O
What is double displacement
Two compounds swap elements to form two new compounds
NaCl+AgNO3→NaNO3+AgCl
What is combustion
A fuel (usually containing carbon and hydrogen) reacts with oxygen to produce heat, light, carbon dioxide, and water.
CH4+2O2→CO2+2H2O
What is decomposition
A single compound breaks down into simpler substances.
2H2O→2H2+O2
What is single displacement
An element replaces another element in a compound.
Zn+CuSO4→ZnSO4+Cu
what is the law of conservation of mass
The law of conservation of mass states that matter cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction. This means that the total mass of reactants (what you start with) must equal the total mass of products (what you end up with).
what does pH mean
pH is a way to measure if something is an acid, a base, or neutral. It tells us how much hydrogen (H⁺) ions are in a liquid.
what is the pH scale
The pH scale goes from 0 to 14 and helps us know if something is acidic, basic, or neutral.
pH less than 7 → Acid (like lemon juice or vinegar)
pH of 7 → Neutral (like pure water)
pH more than 7 → Base (like baking soda or soap)
How Do We Test Acids and Bases?
litmus paper
Red paper turns blue in bases
Blue paper turns red in acids
How Do We Test Acids and Bases?
Phenolphthalein
Clear in acids
Pink in bases
How Do We Test Acids and Bases?
Bromothymol Blue (BTB)
Yellow in acids
Blue in bases
Green in neutral liquids
How Do We Test Acids and Bases?
Universal Indicator
Changes many different colors to show the exact pH.
