Chapter 6 Flashcards
(48 cards)
Reconciliation
a procedure that allows consideration of controversial issues affecting the budget by limiting debate to twenty hours, thereby ending threat of a filibuster.
Their change of policy brought about a reconciliation with Britain.
Pork
Legislation that allows representatives to bring money and jobs to their districts in the form of public works programs, military bases, or other programs.
Money for water projects is a common type of Washington pork barrel.
Programmatic requests
Federal funds designated for special projects within a state or congressional district. Also referred to as earmarks.
A programmatic request, sometimes referred to as a Member request.
Divided government
the political condition in which different political parties control the presidency and at least one house of congress.
But the painful stalemate wrought on this issue by divided government in Washington compelled a new approach.
War Powers Resolution
Passed by congress in 1973; the president is limited in the deployment of troops overseas to a sixty-day period in peacetime unless Congress explicitly gives its approval for a longer period.
The study of war power struggle in China is just at a beginning stage. So far most publications are introductory in nature and they usually focus on the War Powers Resolution.
Congressional review
a process whereby Congress can nullify agency regulations within 60-day window by passing a joint resolution of legislative approval. The president’s approval of the resolution or a two-thirds majority vote in both houses to overrule a presidential veto is also required.
The Congressional Review Act (CRA) was passed as part of Republican Newt Gingrich’s 1996 “Contract with America.
Senatorial courtesy
a process by which presidents generally allow senators from the state in which a judicial vacancy occurs to block a nomination by simply registering their objection.
Conkling charged the that President Garfield had failed to observe the policy of “ Senatorial Courtesy” .
Unified government
the political condition in which the same political party controls the presidency and Congress.
The ordinance now applies to the Unified Government
Logrolling
vote trading; voting to support a colleague’s bill in return for a promise of future support.
Sims no longer get stuck during logrolling when trying to exit while another is entering.
Congressional Research Service
Created in 1914, the non-partisan CRS provides information, studies, and research in support of the work of Congress, and prepares summaries and tracks the progress of all bill.
The Congressional Research Service is an independent agency that offers members of Congress objective analysis of issues and legislation.
Government Accountability Office
Established in 1921, the GAO is an independent regulatory agency for the purpose of auditing the financial expenditures of the executive branch and federal agencies; until 2004, the GOA was known as the General Accounting Office.
The first witness was Gene Dodaro , the Acting Comptroller General at the US Government Accountability Office (GAO).
Congressional Budget Office
Created in 1974, the CBO provides Congress with evaluations of the potential economic effects of proposed spending policies and also analyzes the president’s budget and economic projections.
Each side has proposed a plan that would balance the budget in seven years, according to the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office.
Apportionment
The process of allotting congregational seats to each state according to its proportion of the population, following the decennial census.
A fuzzy reliability apportionment method for series systems is presented in the paper based on the analytic hierarchy process.
Bill
A proposed law.
The new bill passed by Parliament has received Royal Assent.
Impeachment
The power delegated to the House of Representatives in the Constitution to or other ̈civil officers ̈, including federal judges, with ̈Treason, Bribery, or other high Crimes and Misdemeanors ̈. This is the first constitutional process of removing government officials from office.
People who lived through the Clinton impeachment are entitled to get a sinking feeling.
Bicameral legislature
A two house legislature.
Congress is a bicameral legislature.
Edmund Burke
Conservative British political philosopher of the eighteenth century who articulated the view that elected representative should act as ̈trustees¨ and use their own best judgement when voting.
Edmund Burke is the conservatism founder.
Trustee
Role played by an elected representative who listens to constituents ́ opinions and then uses his or her best judgement to make a final decision.
It means merely that where the trustee was in possession of the property under trust, he could be ordered to make it over.
Delegate
Role played by a representative who votes the way his or her constituents would want, regardless of personal opinions; may refer to an elected representative to Congress or a representative to the party convention.
For his $ 12 million, however, Connally won only one delegate to the nominating convention.
Politico
An elected representative who acts as a trustee or as a delegate, depending on the issue.
An April Politico poll found the Tea Party split between Paul and Sarah Palin.
Incumbency
Already holding an office.
Some say that Mr Maliki’s Dawa will do badly, whatever the advantages of incumbency.
Redistricting
The process of redrawing congressional districts to reflect increases or decreases in seats allotted to the states, as well as population shifts within a state.
These protections addressed issues ranging from the death penalty and homosexual rights to term limits, campaign-finance reform, and congressional redistricting.
Gerrymandering
The drawing of congressional districts to produce a particular electoral outcome without regard to the shape of the district.
Gerrymandering is the redrawing of electoral districts to serve the needs of parties rather than voters.
Majority party
The political party in each house of Congress with the most members.
The majority party will be functioning in tandem with the minority party.
