- YMCA - the Boys and Girls Clubs - YWCA - PAL - Pop Warner football - CYO - the Little League - the Royal Canadian Legion

- viewed as a place where solidarity, participation and coherence can be found - a group of people with a shared identity

Chapter 6 Flashcards by Tracie K

Origins of community sport: early North American experiences:

indigenous sport
early races and contests from settlers
voluntary sport clubs emerge in major North American cities in 1800s
1900s playground movement (US and Mexico)
governance of community sport in Canada

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Youth sport history:

YMCA
the Boys and Girls Clubs
YWCA
PAL
Pop Warner football
CYO
the Little League
the Royal Canadian Legion

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Ethical issues of youth sport:

focus on education or elite sport development?
who should govern youth sport?
who has access to various sport opportunities?
how should opportunities and resources be allocated?

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Community:

viewed as a place where solidarity, participation and coherence can be found
a group of people with a shared identity

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Community sport:

organized PA that is based in community, school, and local sport organizations

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Community sport includes _____ and ____ ____ but not _____ _____ or _____.

recreation
competitive sport
fitness activities
programs

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Community sport does not have to lead to development of ____ ____ ___.

high performance sport

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Community sport has emphasis on the ______.

participant

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Community sport has benefits of ____ _____.

sport participation

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Main aim of development of sport in communities is ____ ____.

sport inclusion

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The desired sporting outcomes of development of sport in communities can include:

removal of barriers to sport participation
providing opportunities to develop skills
moving from recreational participation to competition
training and support

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The main aim of development of communities through sport is ____ _____.

social inclusion

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Development of communities through sport projects will be more ____ ____, not ____ ____.

needs based

- sport centred

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Development of communities through sport projects aim to use sport to achieve social outcomes such as:

reducing levels of vandalism and crime
improved school attendance/educational performance
increasing PA in targeted groups

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Emphasis on the participant means focus on participant, not …..

spectators

- consumers of sport as entertainment (community sport vs professional sport)

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Emphasis on the participant means managerial focus on:

attracting and retaining participants
programs offered
the time and place
the organization and delivery of programs
cost

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Emphasis on the participant means ____ of services (increasing _____) and _____ performance.

quality
participation
financial

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Goals of youth community sport:

participation and education on the rules and strategies of the game
related social and ethical development of the children

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Benefits of sport participation:

quality of life (physical, mental health)
family life
sense of community/social capital

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Physical benefits of sport participation:

- decreased stress

Mental health benefits of sport participation:

improved concentration

- analytical ability

Benefits of family life from sport participation:

increased bonds

- improves satisfaction in families

____ million Canadians aged ____ or older volunteered for sport organizations that served participants of all ages in their community.

1.53

- 15

Types of community sport organizations in Canada:

local, regional and national sport organizations

- community sport clubs: non profit sport organizations

Non-profit sport organizations:

- volunteer based local sport organizations for community members - governed and supported through volunteer management and coaching

Types of community sport organizations in US:

- non profit organizations - commercial organizations - public entities - multisport organization (MSO)

Non-profit organizations examples:

- YMCA | - the Boys and Girls Clubs

Commercial organizations examples:

swimming, golf, and tennis clubs

Public entities

- schools - local government parks and recreation facilities - government subsidized

Multisport organization (MSO):

an organization that is composed of, involves, or accommodates several sports

Variations in structure and management styles:

- some highly professional with paid staff | - others informal, loose volunteer networks

Tensions between volunteers and professional staff:

Professional human resource management (HRM) model:

- a model that describes scientific methods for staffing, training, developing, and managing human resources - well suited for paid employees, it does not often fit for volunteers

Management challenges:

- professional human resource management model - provide guidelines, structure, and accountability for community sport organizations - streamline program delivery

Streamline program delivery includes:

- worker recruitment - selection - training - development

HRM programs and services planning:

examining organization's strategies, goals, and resources

HRM is according to the _____, ____ ____.

- planning | - personnel needs

HRM volunteers vs paid professional staffs:

- resources - work to be performed, activities to receive compensation (ex. Alberta Sport Connection) - necessary numbers of volunteers - work volumes - background checks - skills and training

HRM volunteer training procedure:

- voluteer coaches - ethical standards - proper child safety - education in the sport techniques and tactics - education in motivation - behaviour management

Adult community sport offerings:

- classes - leagues - tournaments

Adult classes:

instructional sessions that enhance the skill or fitness level of the participants

Adult leagues:

organized forms of ongoing competition in a sport

Adult tournaments:

organized forms of sport that usually extend over several days or weeks

Youth sport offerings:

- classes - instructional leagues - competitive leagues - after school programs

Youth classes:

emphasis on enjoyment

Instructional youth leagues:

- basic motor skills - basic skills - rules - strategies - often with younger kids

Competitive youth leagues:

- for older children - emphasis on competition - from local level to national championship events to international sport events

After school programs:

- emphasis on physical health and fitness - younger children more likely to be enrolled - provided by public schools - YMCAs and Boys and Girls Clubs - non profit and commercial organizations

Nunavik Youth Hockey Program:

- started by a former NHL player in a town in Northern Quebec with social problems - focused on teaching youth a healthy lifestyle and the importance of education through hockey - operated and administered in cooperation with the local school board