Chapter 6 anatomy and physiology Flashcards by Jennie Steinberg

The dense active protoplasm found in the center of the cell is :

A. Cytoplasm

B. Cell membrane

C. Nucleus

D. Chromatid

C. Nucleus

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Human cells reproduce by mitosis, dividing into two identical cells called :

A. Mother cells

B. Daughter cells

C. Father cells

D. Son cells

B. Daughter cells

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The ________ is the protoplasm of a cell except for the protoplasm in the nucleus.

A. Cystine

B. Neuron

C. Cytoplasm

D. Mandible

C. Cytoplasm

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The chemical process through which cells are nourished and carry out their activities is called :

A. Metabolism

B. Mitosis

C. Meiosis

D. Respiration

A. Metabolism

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The basic unit of all living things is the :

A. Anatomy

B. Cell

C. Muscle

D. Nerve

B. Cell

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The constructive phase of metabolism is called :

A. Anabolism

B. Catabolism

C. Mitosis

D. Meiosis

A. Anabolism

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Which type of tissue contracts and moves various parts of the body ?

A. Nerve tissue

B. Muscle tissue

C. Connective tissue

D. Epithelial tissue

B. Muscle tissue

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Which type of tissue lines the heart and the digestive and respiratory organs ?

A. Nerve tissue

B. Muscle tissue

C. Connective tissue

D. Epithelial tissue

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The connection between two or more bones is called a :

A. Ligament

B. Joint

C. Tendon

D. Muscle

B . Joint

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The ________ is the larger of the two bones that form the leg below the knee .

A. Patella

B. Fibula

C. Tibia

D. Femur

C. Tibia

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The oval, bony case that protects the brain is the :

A. Cranium

B. Facial skeleton

C. Hyoid bone

D. Thorax

A. Cranium

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The maxillae bones form the :

A. Lower jaw

B. Upper jaw

C. Upper arm

D. Forearm

B. Upper jaw

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The two bones that form the sides and crown (top) of the cranium are the :

A. Parietal bones

B. Occipital bones

C. Lacrimal bones

D. Zygomatic bones

A. Parietal bones

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The inner and larger bone in the forearm, attached to the wrist and located on the side of the little finger is the :

A. Carpus

B. Ulna

C. Metacarpus

D. Radius

B. Ulna

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The foot is made up of ________ bones .

A. 6

B. 11

C. 18

D. 26

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Which muscles are known as the smooth muscles ?

A. Nonstriated muscles

B. Cardiac muscles

C. Striated muscles

D. Trapezius muscles

A. Nonstriated muscles

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The part of the muscle that does not move is the :

A. Belly

B. Insertion

C. Origin

D. Tendon

C. Origin

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The broad muscle that covers the top of the head is the :

A. Temporal

B. Epicranius

C. Deltoid

D. Occipital

B. Epicranius

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The _____________ are the muscles that straighten the wrist , hand , and fingers to form a straight line .

A. Extensors

B. Pronators

C. Supinators

D. Flexors

A. Extensors

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The muscles at the base of the fingers that draw the fingers together are the :

A. Flexors

B. Abductors

C. Extensors

D. Adductors

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What is an organ

specialized tissues made to perform specific functions in plants and animals .

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What is mitosis ?

process of cell reproduction of human tissues that occurs when cell divides into two identical cells called daughter cells .

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Skeletal system

physical foundation of body and is 206 bones that vary in size and shape also connected by movable and immovable joints .

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Facial skeleton

Framework of the face that is composed of 14 bones .

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Temporal bone

Two Bones that form the sides of the head in the ear region .

Sphenoid bone

Bone that joins all of the bones cranium together

Occipital bone

Hindmost bone of the skull , forms the back of the skull above the nape .

Frontal bone

Bones that form the forehead

Ribs

Twelve pairs of bones forming the wall of the thorax

Ulna

Inner and larger bone in forearm ( lower arm ) | Attached to wrist and on the side of the little finger

Phalanges

Bones of the fingers or toes

Femur

Heavy , long bone that forms the leg above the knee

Mandible

Largest and strongest bone of the face

Radius

Smaller bone in the forearm in the same area as the thumb .

Ankle joint contains how many bones ?

3 bones

Skin

Covers body and is the external protective coating

Liver

Removes waste created by digestion

Brain

Controls the body

Eyes

Control the body's vision

Heart

Circulates the blood

Kidneys

Excrete water and waste products

Lungs

Supply oxygen to the blood

Tibia

Larger of the two bones that form the leg below the knee .

Fibula

Smaller of the two bones that form the leg below the knee.

Talus

Also known as ankle bone . Third bone of the ankle joint . Foot is made up of 26 bones .

Striated muscle

Muscles that are attached to the bones and consciously controlled .

Origin

Part of muscle that does not move and is attached closest to the skeleton

Belly

The middle part of the muscle

Insertion

Part of muscle that moves and is farthest from the skeleton

Frontalis

Portion is the epicranius ; the muscle of the scalp that raises eyebrows , draws the scalp forward and causes wrinkles across forehead

Sternocleidomastoideus

Muscle of the neck that that lowers and rotates the head

Orbicularis

Ring muscle of the eye socket ; enables you to close your eyes.

Endocrine gland

Also known as ductless glands, such as thyroid and Pituitary glands , release hormonal secretions directly into the bloodstream .

Name a type of endocrine gland

Thyroid or pituitary gland

How long does it take to digest food

Nine hours

What a diaphragm is

a muscular wall that separates the thorax ( chest ) from abdominal region and helps control breathing

Lungs

Spongy tissue composed of microscopic cells in which inhaled air is exchanged for air during breathing cycle

Function of digestive enzymes

Chemicals that change certain types of food into capability to being dissolved that can be used by the body then transported by the bloodstream and used by the body's cells and tissues

What does excretory system does ?

Group of organs including ( kidneys, liver , skin , large intestine and lungs that purifies the body by eliminating waste matter .

Pronator

Muscle that turns the hand inward so that's the palm faces downward .

Abductor

Separated fingers

3 parts of muscles

Origin Insertion Belly

Divisions of nervous system

1. central nervous system 2. peripheral nervous system 3. Automatic nervous system

Brain and spinal cord

Both a part of central nervous system . Brain is largest and most complex tissue controls sensation , muscle, activity of glands , power to think sense and feel . Spinal cord is starts in brain and comes down trunk . Both help muscles

Largest cranial nerve

Chapter 6 anatomy and physiology Flashcards

(65 cards)