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dmso 1210 intro to sono > Chapter 6 and 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 6 and 7 Flashcards

1
Q

fasci/o

A

fibrous membrane

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2
Q

fibr/o

A

fiber

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3
Q

hemi-

A

half

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4
Q

kine-, kinesi/o

A

movement

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5
Q

ligament/o

A

ligament

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6
Q

muscul/o

A

muscle

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7
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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8
Q

para-

A

alongside, near

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9
Q

-paresis

A

partial or incomplete paralysis

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10
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

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11
Q

quadri-

A

four

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12
Q

sthen/o

A

strength

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13
Q

tend/o, tendin/o

A

tendon

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14
Q

ton/o

A

tone

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15
Q

ALS

A

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

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16
Q

EMG

A

electromyography

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17
Q

Fx

A

fracture

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18
Q

IM

A

intramuscular

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19
Q

MD

A

muscular dystrophy

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20
Q

MG

A

myasthenia gravis

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21
Q

NSAID

A

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

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22
Q

PT

A

physical therapy

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23
Q

RICE

A

rest, ice, compression, elevation

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24
Q

ROM

A

range of motion

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25
Q

amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ay-my-oh- TROH-fik)

A

a progressive degeneration of the nerve tracts of the spinal cord, causing muscular atrophy; also called Lou Gehrig’s disease

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26
Q

asthenia (as-THEEN- ee-ah)

A

weakness

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27
Q

atonia (AY-toh-nee-ah)

A

flaccidity; lack of muscle tone; relaxation of muscle

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28
Q

atrophy (a-TROH-fee)

A

wasting of the muscle

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29
Q

carpal tunnel syndrome

A

entrapment of the median nerve in the wrist with chronically swollen and inflamed tendons

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30
Q

dysphagia (dis-FEY- juh)

A

difficulty swallowing

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31
Q

epicondylitis (EP-ih- KON-dih-LYE-tis)

A

inflammation of the tissues around the elbow; golfer’s or tennis elbow

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32
Q

fibromyalgia (FY-broh- MY-al-jee-ah)

A

a chronic disorder characterized by widespread aching and stiffness of muscles and soft tissues, accompanied by fatigue

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33
Q

hamstring injury

A

strain or tear of the hamstring muscle group (posterior femoral muscle group)

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34
Q

hemiparesis (hem-ee- PAH-ree-sis)

A

weakness affecting one side of the body

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35
Q

hemiplegia (hem-ee- PLEE-jee-ah)

A

total paralysis of one side of the body

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36
Q

muscular dystrophy (DIS-tro-fee)

A

group of inherited muscle disorders that cause muscle weakness without affecting the nervous system

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37
Q

myalgia (mahy-AL-juh)

A

muscle pain

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38
Q

myasthenia gravis (MY- ahs-THEE-nee-ah
GRA-viss)”

A

an immunologic disorder characterized by fluctuating weakness, especially of the facial and external eye muscles

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39
Q

myocele (MY-oh-seel)

A

hernia of a muscle

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40
Q

myalgia (my-AL-jee-a)

A

muscle pain

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41
Q

myoma (my-OH-muh)

A

benign neoplasm of muscle tissue

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42
Q

myositis (my-oh-SY- tihs)

A

inflammation of muscle

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43
Q

myospasm (MY-oh- spaz-uhm)

A

involuntary contraction of a muscle

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44
Q

paralysis (pah-RAL-ih- sis)

A

loss of voluntary muscle movements caused by an injury or disease

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45
Q

paraplegia (PAR-ah- PLEE-jee-ah)

A

paralysis of both legs and the lower trunk

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46
Q

paresis (puh-REE-sis)

A

partial or incomplete paralysis

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47
Q

periostitis (PEHR-ee- os-TY-tihs)

A

inflammation of the periosteum or the covering that surrounds the bone

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48
Q

plantar fasciitis (FASH- ee-eye-tis)

A

inflammation of the plantar fascia causing foot and heel pain

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49
Q

quadriplegia (kwah- drah-PLEE-jee-ah)

A

paralysis of all four extremities

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50
Q

rotator cuff injury

A

inflammation of the muscles and associated structures in the shoulder (rotator cuff) caused by overuse

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51
Q

shin-splints

A

term given to describe pain in the anterior portion of the lower leg during running, walking, and other similar activities

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52
Q

tendonitis (ten-doe-NY- tiss); also sometimes spelled tendinitis (TEN- dih-NY-tiss)

A

inflammation of a tendon

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53
Q

arachn/o

A

spider

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54
Q

cephal/o

A

head

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55
Q

cerebell/o

A

cerebellum

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56
Q

cerebr/o

A

cerebrum; also, the brain in general

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57
Q

cortic/o

A

outer layer or covering

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58
Q

crani/o

A

cranium, skull

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59
Q

encephal/o

A

brain

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60
Q

gangli/o or ganglion/o

A

swelling or knot

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61
Q

gli/o

A

glue

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62
Q

hydr/o

A

water

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63
Q

iatr/o

A

physician; to treat

64
Q

-mania

A

morbid attraction to or impulse toward

65
Q

meningi/o

A

membrane

66
Q

ment/o

A

referring to the mind

67
Q

-mnesia

A

memory

68
Q

myel/o

A

in connection with the nervous system, refers to the spinal cord and medulla oblongata

69
Q

neur/o

A

nerve, nerve tissue

70
Q

-oid

A

resembling

71
Q

-paresis

A

slight paralysis

72
Q

-phasia

A

speech

73
Q

-phobia

A

fear

74
Q

-plegia

A

paralysis

75
Q

psych/o

A

mind

76
Q

schiz/o

A

to split

77
Q

spin/o

A

spine

78
Q

AD

A

Alzheimer’s disease

79
Q

CNS

A

central nervous system

80
Q

CSF

A

cerebrospinal fluid

81
Q

CT

A

computed tomography

82
Q

CVA

A

cerebrovascular accident

83
Q

DA

A

dopamine

84
Q

ECT

A

electroconvulsive therapy

85
Q

EEG

A

electroencephalography

86
Q

ICP

A

intracranial pressure

87
Q

LP

A

lumbar puncture

88
Q

MRI

A

magnetic resonance imaging

89
Q

MS

A

multiple sclerosis

90
Q

OCD

A

obsessive–compulsive disorder

91
Q

PD

A

Parkinson’s disease

92
Q

PNS

A

peripheral nervous system

93
Q

PTSD

A

posttraumatic stress disorder

94
Q

TIA

A

transient ischemic attack

95
Q

absence seizure (ABB- sens SEE-zhur)

A

seizure characterized by impaired awareness; milder form of seizure lasting only a few seconds and does not include convulsive movements; formerly known as petit mal seizures French words meaning “small illness”

96
Q

Alzheimer’s disease (ALZ-hy-mur) (AD)

A

a disease that may begin in late middle life, characterized by progressive mental deterioration that includes loss of memory and visual and spatial orientation

97
Q

amnesia (am-NEE-zah)

A

loss of memory

98
Q

aneurysm (AN-ur-izm)

A

localized dilation of an artery due to vessel wall weakness

99
Q

anxiety disorder

A

a feeling of apprehension or uneasiness that results from anticipation of danger

100
Q

aphasia (uh-FAY-jhah)

A

loss of speech

101
Q

astrocytoma (A-stroh- sy-TOH-mah)

A

star-shaped tumor that usually develops in the cerebrum; frequently in people younger than 20 years old

102
Q

ataxia (ah-TAK-see-ah)

A

lack of muscular coordination

103
Q

bipolar disorder

A

disorder characterized by manic episodes alternating with depressive episodes

104
Q

cerebral thrombosis (seh-REE-bruhl throm- BO-sihs)

A

blood clot in the brain

105
Q

cerebrovascular accident (seh-REE-bro- VAS-ku-lahr) (CVA)

A

a synonym for cerebral stroke, an acute clinical event, related to impairment of cerebral circulation, lasting more than 24 hours

106
Q

cerebrovascular disease (seh-REE-bro-VAS-ku- lahr)

A

brain disorder involving a blood vessel

107
Q

concussion (kuhn- KUHSH-uhn)

A

brain injury resulting from a hit to the head or violent shaking

108
Q

delirium (duh-LEER- ee-uhm)

A

altered state of consciousness

109
Q

delusion (deh-LOO- zhun)

A

false belief or wrong judgment despite evidence to the contrary

110
Q

dementia (duh-MEN- shah)

A

impaired intellectual function

111
Q

demyelination (dee- my-uh-lin-AY-shun)

A

loss of myelin

112
Q

depression (dih- PRESH-un)

A

prolonged period where there is a loss of interest or pleasure in almost all activities

113
Q

dopamine (DOH- puh- meen) (DA)

A

neurotransmitter in the CNS and PNS; depletion of dopamine causes PD

114
Q

dysphasia (DISS-fay- jhah)

A

impaired speech

115
Q

encephalitis (en-seff- uh-LY-tiss)

A

inflammation of the brain

116
Q

epidural hematoma (EH-pih-dur-ahl hee- mah-TOH-ma)

A

a collection of blood in the space between the skull and dura mater

117
Q

epilepsy (EPP-ih-lepp- see)

A

CNS disorder often characterized by seizures

118
Q

glioblastoma (GLY-oh- blass-TOH-mah)

A

a cerebral tumor occurring most frequently in adults

119
Q

glioma (gly-OH-muh)

A

tumor of glial tissue

120
Q

grand mal seizure (grahn-mahl SEE-zhur)

A

type of severe seizure with tonic–clonic convulsion; also called tonic–clonic seizure

121
Q

hallucination (hah- LOO-sih-nay-shun)

A

subjective perception of an object or voice when no such stimulus exists

122
Q

hemiparesis (heh-mee- puh-REE-suhs)

A

partial paralysis of one side of the body

123
Q

hemiplegia (hehm- ee- PLEE-jee-ah)

A

paralysis of one side of the body

124
Q

Huntington’s disease
(HUN-ting-tuhnz)

A

hereditary disorder of the CNS

125
Q

hydrocephalus (hy-dro- SEFF-uh-lehs)

A

excessive CSF in the brain

126
Q

hyperesthesia (hy- per- ess-THEE-zyuh)

A

abnormal sensitivity to touch

127
Q

kleptomania (klep-toh- MAY-knee-yah)

A

uncontrollable impulse to steal

128
Q

lesion (LEE-zhun)

A

wound or injury; pathologic tissue change

129
Q

meningioma (meh- nihn-jee-OH-muh)

A

benign tumor of the meninges

130
Q

meningitis (meh-nihn- JY-tis)

A

inflamed meninges

131
Q

mood disorder

A

a group of mental disorders involving a disturbance of mood not due to any other mental disorder

132
Q

multiple sclerosis

A

disease of the CNS characterized by demyelination and the formation of plaques in the brain and spinal cord

133
Q

myasthenia gravis
(MY-ahs-THEE-nee-ah GRA-viss)

A

muscle weakness, lack of strength

134
Q

myelitis (my-eh-LY-tiss)

A

inflammation of the spinal cord

135
Q

myelomeningocele (MY-loh-mih-NIHN- gee-oh-seel)

A

protrusion of the membranes of the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the cranium or vertebral column

136
Q

neuralgia (nuh-RALL- jah)

A

pain in a nerve

137
Q

neuropathy (nuh-ROP- ah-thee)

A

a disease involving the cranial, central, or autonomic nervous systems

138
Q

obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD)

A

type of anxiety disorder characterized by persistent thoughts and impulses with repetitive responses that interfere with daily activities

139
Q

paralysis (pah-RALL- ih-sihs)

A

loss of one or more muscle functions

140
Q

paranoia (pahr-ah- NOY-ya)

A

a serious mental disorder characterized by unreasonable suspicion or jealousy, along with a tendency to interpret everything others do as hostile

141
Q

paraplegia (pahr-ah- PLEE-jee-ah)

A

paralysis of the lower extremities and, often, the lower trunk of the body

142
Q

paresthesia (per-ess- THEE-zyuh)

A

numbness

143
Q

Parkinson’s disease (PAR-kin-suhn) (PD)

A

disease of the nerves in the brain due to an imbalance of dopamine; also called parkinsonism

144
Q

phobia (FOH-bee-ah)

A

a fear of something that is not a hazard from a statistical point of view

145
Q

plegia (PLEE-jee-uh)

A

paralysis

146
Q

poliomyelitis (pohl-ee- oh-MY-eh-LY-tiss)

A

inflamed gray matter of the spinal cord

147
Q

posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

A

development of characteristic long-term
symptoms following a psychologically traumatic
event that is generally outside the range of usual
human experience

148
Q

psychosis (sy-KO-sihs)

A

a serious disorder involving a marked distortion of, or sharp break from, reality; general term covering severe mental or emotional disorders

149
Q

psychotic disorder

A

a mental and behavioral disorder causing gross distortion or disorganization of a person’s mental capacity, affective response, and capacity to recognize reality

150
Q

quadriplegia (kwad-rih- PLEE-jee-ah)

A

paralysis of all four limb

151
Q

schizophrenia (skits- oh-FREN-ee-ah)

A

a severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations, paranoia, and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction

152
Q

seizure (SEE-zhur)

A

sudden disturbance in brain function sometimes producing a convulsion

153
Q

somnambulism (sahm- NAM-bu-lih-sm)

A

sleep walking

154
Q

subdural hematoma

A

a collection of blood trapped in the space beneath the dura mater, between the dura and arachnoid layers of the meninges

155
Q

syncope (SIN-kuh-pee)

A

fainting

156
Q

transient ischemic attack (TRANS-ee-ent IH-skee-mik) (TIA)

A

temporary interruption in the blood supply to the brain

157
Q

vertigo (VER-tih-goh)

A

dizziness

dmso 1210 intro to sono (1 decks)

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