Chapter 6 and 7 Flashcards
(157 cards)
1
Q
fasci/o
A
fibrous membrane
2
Q
fibr/o
A
fiber
3
Q
hemi-
A
half
4
Q
kine-, kinesi/o
A
movement
5
Q
ligament/o
A
ligament
6
Q
muscul/o
A
muscle
7
Q
my/o
A
muscle
8
Q
para-
A
alongside, near
9
Q
-paresis
A
partial or incomplete paralysis
10
Q
-plegia
A
paralysis
11
Q
quadri-
A
four
12
Q
sthen/o
A
strength
13
Q
tend/o, tendin/o
A
tendon
14
Q
ton/o
A
tone
15
Q
ALS
A
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
16
Q
EMG
A
electromyography
17
Q
Fx
A
fracture
18
Q
IM
A
intramuscular
19
Q
MD
A
muscular dystrophy
20
Q
MG
A
myasthenia gravis
21
Q
NSAID
A
nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
22
Q
PT
A
physical therapy
23
Q
RICE
A
rest, ice, compression, elevation
24
Q
ROM
A
range of motion
25
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ay-my-oh- TROH-fik)
a progressive degeneration of the nerve tracts of the spinal cord, causing muscular atrophy; also called Lou Gehrig’s disease
26
asthenia (as-THEEN- ee-ah)
weakness
27
atonia (AY-toh-nee-ah)
flaccidity; lack of muscle tone; relaxation of muscle
28
atrophy (a-TROH-fee)
wasting of the muscle
29
carpal tunnel syndrome
entrapment of the median nerve in the wrist with chronically swollen and inflamed tendons
30
dysphagia (dis-FEY- juh)
difficulty swallowing
31
epicondylitis (EP-ih- KON-dih-LYE-tis)
inflammation of the tissues around the elbow; golfer’s or tennis elbow
32
fibromyalgia (FY-broh- MY-al-jee-ah)
a chronic disorder characterized by widespread aching and stiffness of muscles and soft tissues, accompanied by fatigue
33
hamstring injury
strain or tear of the hamstring muscle group (posterior femoral muscle group)
34
hemiparesis (hem-ee- PAH-ree-sis)
weakness affecting one side of the body
35
hemiplegia (hem-ee- PLEE-jee-ah)
total paralysis of one side of the body
36
muscular dystrophy (DIS-tro-fee)
group of inherited muscle disorders that cause muscle weakness without affecting the nervous system
37
myalgia (mahy-AL-juh)
muscle pain
38
myasthenia gravis (MY- ahs-THEE-nee-ah
GRA-viss)"
an immunologic disorder characterized by fluctuating weakness, especially of the facial and external eye muscles
39
myocele (MY-oh-seel)
hernia of a muscle
40
myalgia (my-AL-jee-a)
muscle pain
41
myoma (my-OH-muh)
benign neoplasm of muscle tissue
42
myositis (my-oh-SY- tihs)
inflammation of muscle
43
myospasm (MY-oh- spaz-uhm)
involuntary contraction of a muscle
44
paralysis (pah-RAL-ih- sis)
loss of voluntary muscle movements caused by an injury or disease
45
paraplegia (PAR-ah- PLEE-jee-ah)
paralysis of both legs and the lower trunk
46
paresis (puh-REE-sis)
partial or incomplete paralysis
47
periostitis (PEHR-ee- os-TY-tihs)
inflammation of the periosteum or the covering that surrounds the bone
48
plantar fasciitis (FASH- ee-eye-tis)
inflammation of the plantar fascia causing foot and heel pain
49
quadriplegia (kwah- drah-PLEE-jee-ah)
paralysis of all four extremities
50
rotator cuff injury
inflammation of the muscles and associated structures in the shoulder (rotator cuff) caused by overuse
51
shin-splints
term given to describe pain in the anterior portion of the lower leg during running, walking, and other similar activities
52
tendonitis (ten-doe-NY- tiss); also sometimes spelled tendinitis (TEN- dih-NY-tiss)
inflammation of a tendon
53
arachn/o
spider
54
cephal/o
head
55
cerebell/o
cerebellum
56
cerebr/o
cerebrum; also, the brain in general
57
cortic/o
outer layer or covering
58
crani/o
cranium, skull
59
encephal/o
brain
60
gangli/o or ganglion/o
swelling or knot
61
gli/o
glue
62
hydr/o
water
63
iatr/o
physician; to treat
64
-mania
morbid attraction to or impulse toward
65
meningi/o
membrane
66
ment/o
referring to the mind
67
-mnesia
memory
68
myel/o
in connection with the nervous system, refers to the spinal cord and medulla oblongata
69
neur/o
nerve, nerve tissue
70
-oid
resembling
71
-paresis
slight paralysis
72
-phasia
speech
73
-phobia
fear
74
-plegia
paralysis
75
psych/o
mind
76
schiz/o
to split
77
spin/o
spine
78
AD
Alzheimer’s disease
79
CNS
central nervous system
80
CSF
cerebrospinal fluid
81
CT
computed tomography
82
CVA
cerebrovascular accident
83
DA
dopamine
84
ECT
electroconvulsive therapy
85
EEG
electroencephalography
86
ICP
intracranial pressure
87
LP
lumbar puncture
88
MRI
magnetic resonance imaging
89
MS
multiple sclerosis
90
OCD
obsessive–compulsive disorder
91
PD
Parkinson’s disease
92
PNS
peripheral nervous system
93
PTSD
posttraumatic stress disorder
94
TIA
transient ischemic attack
95
absence seizure (ABB- sens SEE-zhur)
seizure characterized by impaired awareness; milder form of seizure lasting only a few seconds and does not include convulsive movements; formerly known as petit mal seizures French words meaning “small illness”
96
Alzheimer’s disease (ALZ-hy-mur) (AD)
a disease that may begin in late middle life, characterized by progressive mental deterioration that includes loss of memory and visual and spatial orientation
97
amnesia (am-NEE-zah)
loss of memory
98
aneurysm (AN-ur-izm)
localized dilation of an artery due to vessel wall weakness
99
anxiety disorder
a feeling of apprehension or uneasiness that results from anticipation of danger
100
aphasia (uh-FAY-jhah)
loss of speech
101
astrocytoma (A-stroh- sy-TOH-mah)
star-shaped tumor that usually develops in the cerebrum; frequently in people younger than 20 years old
102
ataxia (ah-TAK-see-ah)
lack of muscular coordination
103
bipolar disorder
disorder characterized by manic episodes alternating with depressive episodes
104
cerebral thrombosis (seh-REE-bruhl throm- BO-sihs)
blood clot in the brain
105
cerebrovascular accident (seh-REE-bro- VAS-ku-lahr) (CVA)
a synonym for cerebral stroke, an acute clinical event, related to impairment of cerebral circulation, lasting more than 24 hours
106
cerebrovascular disease (seh-REE-bro-VAS-ku- lahr)
brain disorder involving a blood vessel
107
concussion (kuhn- KUHSH-uhn)
brain injury resulting from a hit to the head or violent shaking
108
delirium (duh-LEER- ee-uhm)
altered state of consciousness
109
delusion (deh-LOO- zhun)
false belief or wrong judgment despite evidence to the contrary
110
dementia (duh-MEN- shah)
impaired intellectual function
111
demyelination (dee- my-uh-lin-AY-shun)
loss of myelin
112
depression (dih- PRESH-un)
prolonged period where there is a loss of interest or pleasure in almost all activities
113
dopamine (DOH- puh- meen) (DA)
neurotransmitter in the CNS and PNS; depletion of dopamine causes PD
114
dysphasia (DISS-fay- jhah)
impaired speech
115
encephalitis (en-seff- uh-LY-tiss)
inflammation of the brain
116
epidural hematoma (EH-pih-dur-ahl hee- mah-TOH-ma)
a collection of blood in the space between the skull and dura mater
117
epilepsy (EPP-ih-lepp- see)
CNS disorder often characterized by seizures
118
glioblastoma (GLY-oh- blass-TOH-mah)
a cerebral tumor occurring most frequently in adults
119
glioma (gly-OH-muh)
tumor of glial tissue
120
grand mal seizure (grahn-mahl SEE-zhur)
type of severe seizure with tonic–clonic convulsion; also called tonic–clonic seizure
121
hallucination (hah- LOO-sih-nay-shun)
subjective perception of an object or voice when no such stimulus exists
122
hemiparesis (heh-mee- puh-REE-suhs)
partial paralysis of one side of the body
123
hemiplegia (hehm- ee- PLEE-jee-ah)
paralysis of one side of the body
124
Huntington’s disease
(HUN-ting-tuhnz)
hereditary disorder of the CNS
125
hydrocephalus (hy-dro- SEFF-uh-lehs)
excessive CSF in the brain
126
hyperesthesia (hy- per- ess-THEE-zyuh)
abnormal sensitivity to touch
127
kleptomania (klep-toh- MAY-knee-yah)
uncontrollable impulse to steal
128
lesion (LEE-zhun)
wound or injury; pathologic tissue change
129
meningioma (meh- nihn-jee-OH-muh)
benign tumor of the meninges
130
meningitis (meh-nihn- JY-tis)
inflamed meninges
131
mood disorder
a group of mental disorders involving a disturbance of mood not due to any other mental disorder
132
multiple sclerosis
disease of the CNS characterized by demyelination and the formation of plaques in the brain and spinal cord
133
myasthenia gravis
(MY-ahs-THEE-nee-ah GRA-viss)
muscle weakness, lack of strength
134
myelitis (my-eh-LY-tiss)
inflammation of the spinal cord
135
myelomeningocele (MY-loh-mih-NIHN- gee-oh-seel)
protrusion of the membranes of the brain or spinal cord through a defect in the cranium or vertebral column
136
neuralgia (nuh-RALL- jah)
pain in a nerve
137
neuropathy (nuh-ROP- ah-thee)
a disease involving the cranial, central, or autonomic nervous systems
138
obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD)
type of anxiety disorder characterized by persistent thoughts and impulses with repetitive responses that interfere with daily activities
139
paralysis (pah-RALL- ih-sihs)
loss of one or more muscle functions
140
paranoia (pahr-ah- NOY-ya)
a serious mental disorder characterized by unreasonable suspicion or jealousy, along with a tendency to interpret everything others do as hostile
141
paraplegia (pahr-ah- PLEE-jee-ah)
paralysis of the lower extremities and, often, the lower trunk of the body
142
paresthesia (per-ess- THEE-zyuh)
numbness
143
Parkinson’s disease (PAR-kin-suhn) (PD)
disease of the nerves in the brain due to an imbalance of dopamine; also called parkinsonism
144
phobia (FOH-bee-ah)
a fear of something that is not a hazard from a statistical point of view
145
plegia (PLEE-jee-uh)
paralysis
146
poliomyelitis (pohl-ee- oh-MY-eh-LY-tiss)
inflamed gray matter of the spinal cord
147
posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
development of characteristic long-term
symptoms following a psychologically traumatic
event that is generally outside the range of usual
human experience
148
psychosis (sy-KO-sihs)
a serious disorder involving a marked distortion of, or sharp break from, reality; general term covering severe mental or emotional disorders
149
psychotic disorder
a mental and behavioral disorder causing gross distortion or disorganization of a person’s mental capacity, affective response, and capacity to recognize reality
150
quadriplegia (kwad-rih- PLEE-jee-ah)
paralysis of all four limb
151
schizophrenia (skits- oh-FREN-ee-ah)
a severe mental illness characterized by auditory hallucinations, paranoia, and an inability to distinguish reality from fiction
152
seizure (SEE-zhur)
sudden disturbance in brain function sometimes producing a convulsion
153
somnambulism (sahm- NAM-bu-lih-sm)
sleep walking
154
subdural hematoma
a collection of blood trapped in the space beneath the dura mater, between the dura and arachnoid layers of the meninges
155
syncope (SIN-kuh-pee)
fainting
156
transient ischemic attack (TRANS-ee-ent IH-skee-mik) (TIA)
temporary interruption in the blood supply to the brain
157
vertigo (VER-tih-goh)
dizziness
