Chapter 6: Cardiovascular system

Question 1

Functions of the cardiovascular system

Answer 1

Circulates blood through body in order to deliver & eliminates waste products

Question 2

Epicardium

Answer 2

Innermost layer of pericardium

Question 3

myocardium

Answer 3

middle muscular layer

Question 4

endocardium

Answer 4

lines inner chambers and covers valves

Question 5

Atrioventricular (Av) valves

Answer 5

• Tricuspid (between Rt. Atrium & Rt. Ventricle)
• Bicuspid (between Lt. Atrium & Lt. ventricle)

Question 6

Semilunar valves

Answer 6

• Pulmonary (Pulm. Artery)
• Aortic (Aortic Artery)

Question 7

Pulmonary Circulation

Answer 7

• Right side of the heart
• From heart to lungs and back to heart

Question 8

Systemic Circulation

Answer 8

• Left side of heart
• From lungs to body back to heart

Question 9

Blood pressure

Answer 9

Pressure exerted by the blood against the wall of an artery/vein

Question 10

Normal adult BP

Answer 10

Systolic = 90-40 Diastolic = 60-90

Question 11

Bp measurement

Answer 11

mmhg

Question 12

Systolic BP

Answer 12

Ventricles contracting

Question 13

Diastolic BP

Answer 13

Ventricles relaxing

Question 14

Sphygmomanometer

Answer 14

Blood pressure cuff & Gage

Question 15

Hight blood pressure

Answer 15

Hypertension diagnosis; painless & symptomless

Question 16

Top 3 reasons for high blood pressure

Answer 16

1) Family History
2) Diet
3) Lack of exersise

Question 17

Pulse

Answer 17

Throbbing of arteries generating by heart contracting

Question 18

Normal pulse

Answer 18

60-90 beats per minute

Question 19

Must be taken with a stethoscope

Answer 19

Apical

Question 20

Most common pulse point

Answer 20

Radial

Question 21

Pulse that requires a stethoscope, used for blood pressure.

Answer 21

Brachia

Question 22

Aneurysm

Answer 22

Localized enlargement of an artery; due to atherosclerotic damage and sometimes high blood pressure; increased risk of stroke

Question 22

If you can feel a pulse in the most distal locations (______ &_______) you can assume the blood flow will go back to the heart

Answer 22

Dorsalis pedis (petal pulse) & Radial

Question 23

Angina

Answer 23

Spasmodic chest pain cause by Ischemia

Question 24

Cardiac Tamponade

Answer 24

Compression of heart due to excess fluid in pericardium

Question 25

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

Answer 25

Reduced blood flow to heart

Question 26

Coronary artery disease

Answer 26

Plaque build up in the arteries of the heart

Question 26

Atherosclerosis

Answer 26

Fat plaque that adheres to harden arteries

Question 27

Arrhythmia

Answer 27

Absence of lack of rhythm in heart beat (Sa node -> Av node -> Rt./Lt. Bundle beaches -> purkinje fibers)

Question 28

Bradycardia

Answer 28

Condition of slow heart rate

Question 29

Tachycardia

Answer 29

Condition of fast heart rate

Question 30

Shock

Answer 30

Insufficient blood flow to the heart for a normal body to function

Question 31

Embolus

Answer 31

Mass traveling in the blood vessel that causes an obstruction

Question 32

Thrombus

Answer 32

Blood clot in the wall of a blood vessel

Question 32

Heart Murmur

Answer 32

Abnormal heart sound

Question 33

Hypertension

Answer 33

DX of HBP

Question 33

Hypotension

Answer 33

Low BP

Question 34

Myocardial infraction (MI)

Answer 34

Heart attack- blockage of a coronary artery which results in death of myocardium

Question 35

Angiogram

Answer 35

Used to locate blockage of artery

Question 36

Cardiac Catherization

Answer 36

Insertion of a catheter (hollow tube) in the femoral artery to gain access to the coronary arteries

Question 37

Holter monitor (EKG)

Answer 37

Portable EKG that monitors electrical impulses through the heart

Question 38

Stress Test

Answer 38

A test to check for blockages of coronary artery system

Question 38

Electrocardiogram (EKG)

Answer 38

test to analyze conduction through the heart

Question 39

Defibrillation

Answer 39

shocking the heart to stop it so It can correct itself and beat normally

Question 40

Pacemaker

Answer 40

Internal defibrillator & regulated heart rate

Question 41

Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG)

Answer 41

bypassing the blocked artery with another artery taken from the patient from somewhere else

Question 42

Heart Transplant

Answer 42

Treatment for CHF

Question 43

Echocardiogram

Answer 43

Ultrasound of the heart

Question 43

Ballon Angioplasty w/ Stent

Answer 43

Uses balloon to open up clogged artery (PCTA in med term - Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty) USU. preformed by an interventional cardiologist

Question 44

Angiotensin

Answer 44

Dilates blood vessels

Question 45

Anticoagulant

Answer 45

reduces blood clotting/ blood thinner

Question 46

Antihypertensive

Answer 46

Reduce BP

Question 47

Antirrhythmic

Answer 47

Restores rhythm to heart

Question 48

Digitoxin/Digitals

Answer 48

Strengthens the contraction of the heart

Question 49

Calcium Channel Blocker

Answer 49

Dilates blood vessels

Question 50

Diuretic

Answer 50

Make your kidneys urinate out excess fluid

Question 51

Vascoconstrictor

Answer 51

decreases vessel lumen

Question 52

Vasodilator

Answer 52

increased vessel lumen

Question 53

Interventional Cardiologist

Answer 53

Preforms balloon angioplasties & angiograms

Question 54

Cardiothoracic Surgen

Answer 54

Does open heart surgery ie. transplants & bypasses

Question 55

Electrocardiologist

Answer 55

conduction issue

Question 56

HDL

Answer 56

Good (High density lipoprotein)

Question 57

LDL

Answer 57

Bad (Low density lipoprotein)

Question 58

Total Cholesterol <200

Answer 58

HDL & LDL, Numbers found on blood chemistry panel