Chapter 6: Child Victims & Witnesses Flashcards
(21 cards)
What are Anatomically Detailed Dolls?
A doll, sometimes like a rag doll that is consistent with male or female anatomy
What are the Difficulties of Anatomically Detailed Dolls?
The dolls are not warranted because their use did not add any benefit and if used inappropriately could have a negative effect
No specifications or guidelines for manufacturers of the dolls
No standard procedures for scoring behaviours that children exhibit when interacting with the dolls
What is Criterion-Based Analysis (CBCA)?
Analysis that uses criteria to distinguish truthful from false statements made by children
What is Statement Validity Analysis (SVA)?
A comprehensive protocol to distinguish truthful or false statements made by children containing 3 parts: 1) A structured interview of the child witness 2) A systematic analysis of the verbal content of the child’s statements (Criterion based content analysis) 3) The application of the statement validity
What is Step-Wise Interview?
Interview protocol with a series of steps designed to start the interview with the least leading and directive type of questioning and then proceed to more specific forms of questioning as necessary
What is Narrative Elaboration?
Interview procedure whereby children learn to organize their story into relevant categories: Participants, Settings, Actions and Conversation/Affective States and Consequences
What is False Memory Syndrome?
Term to describe clients false beliefs that they were sexually abused as children, despite having no memories of this abuse until they enter therapy to deal with some other psychological problems such as depression or substance abuse
What is Fabricating?
Making false claims
What is Historic Child Abuse?
Allegations of child abuse having occurred several years often decades, prior to when they were being prosecuted
What is an Elimination Lineup?
Lineup procedure for children that first asks them to pcik out the person who looks most like the culprit from the photos displayed (Relative Judgment). Next, children are asked whether the most similar person selected is in fact the culprit (Absolute Judgment)
What’s the Difference between Relative and Absolute Judgment?
Relative: Witnesses compare across lineup members and choose the most similar looking lineup member to the culprit
Absolute: Witnesses compare the most similar lineup member to their memory of the culprit and decide if it is in fact the culprit
What is Competency Inquiry?
Questions posed to child witnesses under age 14 to determine whether they are able to communicate the evidence and understand the truth and lie and in the circumstances of testifying to see if they feel compelled to tell the truth
What is Physical Abuse?
The deliberate application to any part of the child’s body that results in or may result in a nonaccidental injury
e.g Shaking, choking, burning, biting, posiing, kicking, pushing, etc…
What is Sexual Abuse?
When an adult or youth used child for sexual purposes
e.g Fondling, intercourse, sodomy, exhibitionism, exploitation through prostitution or the production of pornogrpahic materials
What is Neglect/Failure to Provide?
When a child’s caregiver do not provide the requisite attention to the child’s emotional, psychological and physical development
e.g. Failure to supervise or protect leading to physical harm (drunk driving with child), failure to provide nutrition and hygiene, clothing, etc…, failure to provide medical treatment, exposing child to dangerous living conditions
What is Emotional Maltreatment?
Acts or omissions by caregivers that cause or could cause serious behavioural, cognitive, emotional or mental disorder
e.g. Verbal threats, socially isolating a child, intimidation, exploitation, terrorizing or making unreasonable demands on a child
What is Incidence?
Number of a new child maltreatment cases in a specific population occurring in a given time period, usually a year
What is Prevalence?
In the study if child abuse, the proportion of a population at a specific point in time that was maltreated during childhood
What is In Need of Protection?
A term used to describe a child’s needs to be separated from their caregiver because of maltreatments
What is a Risk Factor?
A factor that increases the likelihood for emotional or behavioural problems
Categorized by Child factors, Parental factors and Social Factors
What are Techniques to Interview Children?
- Anatomically detailed dolls
- Human figurine drawings
- Criterion-based content analysis
- Step-wise interview
- Narrative elaboration
- Cognitive interview
- National Institue of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Protocol
