Chapter 6 DENT 1060

Question 1

The short and long arms of each chromosome are joined by a constriction called the:
A. Equatorial plate
B. Chiasmata
C. Chromatid
D. Centromere

Answer 1

D. Centromere

Question 2

The Lyon hypothesis is demonstrated by:
A. Autosomal-dominant traits
B. Autosomal-recessive traits
C. X-linked dominant traits
D. X-linked recessive traits

Answer 2

D. X-linked recessive traits

Question 3

Trisomy is defined as:
A. The presence of two extra X chromosomes in a male
B. Three extra chromosomes
C. A pair of chromosomes with an identical extra chromosome
D. One extra chromosome in each pair

Answer 3

C. A pair of chromosomes with an identical extra chromosome

Question 4

The process by which a primitive germ cell becomes a gamete is called:
A. Mitosis
B. Meiosis
C. Haploid
D. S phase

Answer 4

B. Meiosis

Question 5

Barr bodies are seen at the:
A. Nuclear periphery of all human cells
B. Periphery of the cytoplasm in all human cells
C. Nuclear periphery of cells in women
D. Periphery of the cytoplasm in all cells from women

Answer 5

C. Nuclear periphery of cells in women

Question 6

The karyotype of a patient with Turner syndrome shows:
A. 44 autosomes and XYY
B. 43 autosomes and XYY
C. 44 autosomes and XXY
D. 44 autosomes and XO

Answer 6

D. 44 autosomes and XO

Question 7

Hypothetically, an autosomal-dominant trait would be clinically present in:
A. 50% of the offspring of an affected parent
B. 75% of the offspring of an affected parent
C. 25% of the offspring of an affected parent
D. Only in males, never in female offspring

Answer 7

A. 50% of the offspring of an affected parent

Question 8

Patients with an X-linked hereditary condition:
A. Are always men
B. Are generally affected more severely if they are men
C. Are always women
D. Have cells with many Barr bodies

Answer 8

B. Are generally affected more severely if they are men

Question 9

Which one of the following is associated with cyclic neutropenia?
A. Premature loss of primary teeth
B. Diminished number of circulating neutrophils
C. Exfoliating teeth because of short roots
D. Chipping away of enamel

Answer 9

B. Diminished number of circulating neutrophils

Question 10

In all inherited varieties of gingival fibromatosis, the gingival enlargement is characterized by a marked:
A. Hyperplasia of the covering epithelium
B. Chronic inflammatory cellular infiltrate
C. Collagenization of the connective tissue
D. Alveolar bone hypertrophy

Answer 10

C. Collagenization of the connective tissue

Question 11

A 14-year-old boy is seen in consultation because of bilateral mandibular swelling. Radiographs show a bilateral multilocular lesion in the ascending mandibular rami. The mother of this patient has similar findings. The most likely diagnosis is:
A. Cherubism
B. Cleidocranial dysplasia
C. Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
D. Ellis-van Creveld syndrome

Answer 11

A. Cherubism

Question 12

A 9-year-old boy exhibits markedly swollen red and bleeding gingiva. In addition, he has tooth mobility, and the intraoral radiographs show marked alveolar bone atrophy with vertical periodontal pockets. Which of the following will be found in this child if he were to have Papillon-Lefevre syndrome?
A. Blue sclerae
B. Lack of anterior vestibular sulcus
C. Diminished sweating
D. Palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis

Answer 12

D. Palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis

Question 13

Which of the following is the most serious component of Gardner syndrome?
A. Mandibular odontomas
B. Multiple osteomas
C. Teeth hypercementosis
D. Intestinal polyposis

Answer 13

D. Intestinal polyposis

Question 14

A 19-year-old woman is diagnosed with cleidocranial dysplasia. She has absent clavicles and a mushroom-shaped skull. Which of the following conditions is she also most likely to have?
A. Taurodontism
B. Supernumerary teeth
C. Pegged lateral incisors
D. Large pulp chambers

Answer 14

B. Supernumerary teeth

Question 15

Odontogenic keratocysts are a clinical component of:
A. MEN 2B syndrome
B. Neurofibromatosis of von Recklinghausen
C. Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome
D. Cherubism

Answer 15

C. Nevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome

Question 16

Two characteristic clinical components of mandibulofacial dysostosis are:
A. Hypoplastic mandible and deafness
B. Lack of clavicles and delayed teeth eruption
C. Cleft lip and fistulas of lower lip
D. Hypodontia and dysplastic nails

Answer 16

A. Hypoplastic mandible and deafness

Question 17

Torus mandibularis and torus palatinus are:
A. Inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait
B. More prevalent in males
C. Inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait
D. Sporadic traits

Answer 17

C. Inherited as an autosomal-dominant trait

Question 18

The major concern for a dental hygienist when treating a patient with Osler-Rendu-Parkes Weber syndrome should be:
A. Gingival hemorrhage
B. Spontaneous ulcerations
C. Severe infections
D. Epithelial desquamation

Answer 18

A. Gingival hemorrhage

Question 19

The cause of all forms of labial and palatal clefting is considered to be:
A. Autosomal dominant
B. Autosomal recessive
C. Multifactorial
D. Environmental

Answer 19

C. Multifactorial

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE for von Recklinghausen disease?
A. It is inherited as an autosomal-recessive trait
B. Patients have multiple fibromatoses
C. Patients experience a generalized whitening of the oral mucosa
D. Patients may have gingival neurofibromas

Answer 20

D. Patients may have gingival neurofibromas

Question 21

The most serious clinical manifestation of the MEN 2B syndrome is considered to be:
A. Carcinoma of the colon
B. Carcinoma of the thyroid gland
C. Pheochromocytoma
D. Basal cell carcinomas

Answer 21

B. Carcinoma of the thyroid gland

Question 22

In dentinogenesis imperfecta type II, teeth have:
A. Hard, dense dentin
B. Dilacerated roots
C. Markedly brittle enamel
D. Roots that are short and thin

Answer 22

D. Roots that are short and thin

Question 23

Patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia characteristically have:
A. Hypodontia
B. Multiple tongue nodules
C. Excessive amounts of hair
D. Blue sclerae

Answer 23

A. Hypodontia

Question 24

Patients with hypophosphatasia characteristically have:
A. Obliterated pulp chambers
B. Marked gingival keratinization
C. Increase in serum alkaline phosphatase levels
D. Absence of root cementum

Answer 24

D. Absence of root cementum

Question 25

``` Taurodontic teeth: A. Are supernumerary B. Are pyramidal in shape C. Have long roots D. Have thistle-shaped pulp chambers ```

Answer 25

B. Are pyramidal in shape

Question 26

The characteristic finding in permanent teeth affected with coronal dentin dysplasia is: A. Crowns with amber color B. Markedly short roots C. Thistle-shaped pulp chambers on radiographs D. Large, square pulp chambers

Answer 26

C. Thistle-shaped pulp chambers on radiographs

Question 27

Teeth in snowcapped amelogenesis imperfecta have: A. White hypocalcified enamel at the incisal and occlusal thirds B. Obliterated pulp chambers C. Short, blunted roots D. A thin, brown enamel

Answer 27

A. White hypocalcified enamel at the incisal and occlusal thirds

Question 28

The order of the four stages of mitosis is: A. Prophase, telophase, metaphase, anaphase B. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase C. Metaphase, prophase, telophase, anaphase D. Anaphase, metaphase, telophase, prophase

Answer 28

B. Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

Question 29

``` The so-called "enamel agenesis" is one of which type of amelogenesis imperfecta? A. Hypoplastic B. Hypocalcified C. Hypomaturation D. Hypoplastic-hypomaturation ```

Answer 29

A. Hypoplastic

Question 30

``` The most frequent site of hemorrhage in patients with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia is the A. Gingiva B. Nasal mucosa C. Lip mucosa D. Eyelids ```

Answer 30

B. Nasal mucosa

Question 31

``` The Papillon-Lefevre syndrome is inherited according to a (an) A. Autosomal dominant pattern B. Autosomal recessive pattern C. X-linked dominant pattern D. X-linked recessive pattern ```

Answer 31

B. Autosomal recessive pattern

Question 32

``` The most frequently exfoliated teeth in patients with hypophosphatasia are the A. Maxillary primary incisors B. Maxillary primary molars C. Mandibular primary incisors D. Mandibular permanent incisors ```

Answer 32

C. Mandibular primary incisors

Question 33

Which one of the following statements is TRUE when comparing cyclic neutropenia and Kostmann syndrome? A. The oral lesions in cyclic neutropenia are more severe. B. Both conditions are inherited as autosomal-dominant. C. Both conditions are associated with capillary fragility. D. The oral lesions in Kostmann syndrome are always present unless systemic treatment is instituted.

Answer 33

D. The oral lesions in Kostmann syndrome are always present unless systemic treatment is instituted.

Question 34

Which of the following is a component of the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome? A. Multiple jaw cysts B. Multiple supernumerary teeth C. Multiple pigmented macules in the lower lip D. Multiple nodules on the tip of the tongue

Answer 34

C. Multiple pigmented macules in the lower lip

Question 35

Radiographs of a patient with radicular dentin dysplasia show A. Pulp chambers with a half-moon appearance B. Taurodontic teeth C. Internal resorption of teeth D. Large pulp chambers with long pulp horns

Answer 35

A. Pulp chambers with a half-moon appearance