Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Microbio II > Chapter 6: Ectoparasites > Flashcards

Chapter 6: Ectoparasites Flashcards

(88 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what are ectoparasites

A

: are parasites that are found either on the skin or only in the superficial layers of the skin.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

all ectoparasites are

A

arthropods

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are arthropods

A

are invertebrates with a chitinous exoskeleton.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Ectoparasites that cause human disease to fall into two main categories:

A

Insects and arachnids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the def of insects and 3 examples of it

A

six-legged arthropods such as lice, flies, and bedbugs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the def of archanids and give 3 examples of it

A

eight-legged arthropods such as mites, ticks, and spiders.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Many arthropods are _____ that transmit the organisms that cause important infectious diseases

A

vectors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

an example of a vector arthropod and what does it transmit

A

such as female anopheles’ mosquito the of malaria.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is another name for bed bugs

A

Cimex lectularius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

LIce Disease

A

Pediculosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Flies disease

A

myiasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Bedbugs disease

A

no disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Give the 2 species of Lice and its descriptions

A

Two species of lice:
1. Pediculus humanus head louse and body louse
2. Phthirus pubis: (pubic louse) primarily affects the genital area but the axilla and eyebrows can be.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Give the 2 subspecies for Pediculus humanus and their descriptions

A

✓ Pediculus humanus capitus (head louse) that primarily affects the scalp.
✓ Pediculus humanus corporis (body louse) that primarily affects the trunk.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

body louse is the vector for several human pathogens, such as

A

Rickettsia prowazekii, the cause of epidemic typhus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Do head louse and the pubic louse act as vectors of human disease

A

the head louse and the pubic louse are not vectors of human disease.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Morphology of Bedbugs

A

oval, brownish body and is about 5 mm long.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Whats the transmission of head lice like? and are common where

A

Head lice are transmitted primarily by fomites such as hats, combs, and towels. These are especially common in school children.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Whats the transmission of body lice like? and where are they present

A

Body lice live primarily on clothing and are transmitted either by clothing or by personal contact. Body lice leave the clothing when they require a blood meal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Whats the transmission of public lice like?

A

Pubic lice are transmitted primarily by sexual contact.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Widespread infestations of body lice occur when ___

A

personal hygiene is poor, e.g., during wartime or in crowded refugee camps.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

For the flies, The route of transmission varies depending on the

A

species of fly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

the adult fly transmits disease by depositing ____ ? in various areas(3)? and what does the deposited turns to?

A

egg in a wound and the egg hatches to produce the larva. Or it can deposit the egg in the nostrils, the conjunctiva, or on the lips.
Or deposit the egg on unbroken skin and the larva invades the skin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is Dermatobia (relating to flies)

A

, in that it deposits its egg on a mosquito.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
When the mosquito bites a human, the warmth of the skin induces the egg to _____ and the larva enters the skin ______________
hatch at the site of the mosquito bite.
26
Lice pathogenisis and what does this process induce
Adult lice bite and feed on blood in this process they inject saliva into the skin induces a hypersensitivity reaction and pruritus.
27
Flies pathogenesis and what response does it induce
The presence of the larva in tissue induces an inflammatory response
28
what is the lab diagnosis of lice
laboratory is not involved in diagnosis.
29
what is the lab diagnosis of flies
laboratory is not involved in diagnosis.
30
Myiasis is caused by the larvae of many ________
species of flies
31
Fly larvae are also known as
maggots
32
_____ are the most known to cause myiasis
Botflies
33
where do the bed bugs reside
Bedbugs reside in mattresses and in the crevices of wooden beds.
34
at night what do bed bugs do
At night, they emerge to take a blood meal from sleeping humans.
35
what is used to treat mattresses and beds against bed bugs
Malathion or lindane can be used to treat mattresses and beds.
36
what is the treatment against bed bugs
Calamine lotion can be used to relieve the itching.
37
what is the treatment of flies
Surgical removal of the larva is the most common mode of treatment.
38
what is the treatment for lice and its description
Permethrin (Nix, RID) is the treatment of choice as it is both pediculicidal and ovicidal.
39
Patients with body lice often do not need to be treated, but ______
but the clothing should be either discarded or treated.
40
how are nits removed in the case of lice
Nits are removed using a fine-toothed ("nit") comb
41
3 ways to prevent lice
Children should not share articles of clothing. The personal items of affected individuals, such as towels, combs, hair brushes, clothing, and bedding should be treated. Sexual partners of those infested with pubic lice should be treated and tested for other sexually transmitted diseases.
42
What are 2 ways to prevent
Prevention involves limiting exposure to flies. General measures, such as wearing clothing that covers the extremities, mosquito netting, and insect repellant, are recommended.
43
what is the main symptom of lice
Pruritus is the main symptom
44
what can result from scaratching from lice and what may occur as well
Excoriations may result from scratching and secondary bacterial infections may occur
45
what is the clinical finding from flies disease ( myiasis) and what can it also be
The characteristic lesion is a painful, erythematous papule resembling a furuncle. , it may also be pruritic.
46
in myiasis the ____ can often be seen
larva
47
what is the most common form of myiasis
Cutaneous myiasis is the most common form
48
in myiasis, some patients report a sense of _____ inside the lesion
movement
49
Myiasis different forms can be (other 4)
ocular, intestinal, genitourinary, and cerebral forms occur
50
what is the main symptom of bed bug bite ? this symptom is caused by?
The main symptom of a bedbug bite is a pruritic wheal caused by a hypersensitivity reaction to proteins in the bug saliva.
51
do all patients show reaction from bed bugs
Some individuals show little reaction
52
do bed bugs transmit any human disease
The bite of a bedbug is not known to transmit any human disease.
53
ticks disease
ticks paralysis
54
mites disease and which type causes it?
Scabies by itch mite Sarcoptes scabiei
55
other name for itch mite?
Sarcoptes scabiei
56
what 2 diseases are caused by spider
neurotoxic disease and dermonecrotic disease
57
there are 2 types of spider and which disease do they cause
black widow spider neurotoxic disease and brown recluse spider dermonecrotic disease the bites of each cause these disease
58
whats other name for black widow spider
Latrodectus mactans
59
whats other name for brown recluse spider
Loxosceles reclusa
60
Transmission of MItes is by what and when does it occur
transmitted by personal contact or by fomites such as clothing, especially under unhygienic conditions, e.g., in the homeless and during wartime.
61
where is the mites located in the epidermis
Mite is located within the stratum corneum of the epidermis.
62
pathogensisis of mites and why do they result
The pruritic lesions result from a delayed hypersensitivity reaction to the feces of the mite.
63
In immunocompetent people mites' 3 clinical findings
* The typical lesions are tracks or papules that are very pruritic. * Most common sites are the hands, wrists, axillary folds, and genitals. * Areas of the body where clothing is tight, such as along the belt line, are often involved
64
for mites itching gets worse at ______
night
65
for immunocompromised individuals what can occur and whats the other name? how many mites can patients be infested with? how does pyoderma form by what infection?
* Extensive crusted dermatitis (Norwegian scabies) can occur. * Patients may be infested with thousands of mites. * Excoriations may become infected with Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes, resulting in pyoderma
66
_____ are not a vector for other human pathogens
Mites
67
whats the 2 possible treatments for mites
Permethrin (Elimite) Topical steroids are used for itching
68
whats the prevention of contracting mites
involves treatment of close contacts of the patient and treating or discarding fomites such as clothing and towels.
69
whats the pathogenisis for ticks and where is that toxin made?
Paralysis is mediated by a neurotoxin that blocks acetyl choline release at the neuromuscular junction—an action like botulinum toxin. The toxin is made in the salivary gland of the tick
70
tick must remain attached for at leasT____ days prior to the onset of symptoms
4
71
Ticks acts as a vector for 5 human diseases
Vector of diseases: rickettsial, spirochetal, viral, bacterial, and protozoal diseases
72
where are ticks found in? and what are they attracted to (2 things)?
Ticks are commonly found in grassy woodland areas and are attracted by carbon dioxide and warmth from humans.
73
what is treatment for ticks
involves removal of the tick after application of some anesthetic.
74
what is the 2 prevention methods for tick bites
Tick bites can be prevented by application of insect repellant and wearing clothes that cover the extremities.
75
what is the early presenting symptom for ticks?
ataxia
76
Ticks clinical findings :what is the paralysis that occurs that resembles Guillain-Barre syndrome
An ascending paralysis resembling Guillain-Barre syndrome occurs.
77
what is the clinical findings characteristics in ticks? (symmetry and orgin)
Paralysis is symmetrical and can ascend from the legs to the head within several hours.
78
clinical findings what also can occur from ticks
Respiratory failure and death can occur.
79
how much time does it take for recovery after tick removal
Recovery occurs within 24 hours of removal of the tick.
80
where are ticks found on the body and what group does it most affect?
Ticks are often found at the hairline at the back of the neck or near the ear. Children younger than 8 years are most often affected.
81
neurotoxic disease causes what symptoms? what would they be in an hour ? and list 7 other symptoms?
Neurotoxic Disease causes neurologic symptoms primarily. Within an hour after the bite, pain and numbness spread from the site. Severe pain and spasms in the extremities and abdominal pain occur. Fever, chills, sweat, vomiting, and other constitutional symptoms can occur.
82
does tissue necrosis occur from the bite of the brown recluse spider
yes
83
does tissue necrosis occur from the bite of the black widow spider
no
84
do most patients recover from neurotoxic disease? and who dies?
Most patients recover in several days but some, mainly children, die
85
When antiserum should be given in the cases in the bite of black widow
Antiserum, if available, to the venom of the black widow should be given in severe cases.
86
what does Dermonecrotic Disease cause what are the primary symptoms and how are they caused?
Dermonecrotic Disease causes tissue necrosis symptoms primarily. The necrosis is due to proteolytic enzymes in the venom.
87
is there Antiserum to the venom of the brown recluse spider available?
no
88

Microbio II (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions