Chapter 6 (Emotions) Flashcards
What is darwins theory regarding emotions
He was focused more in biology and comparative perspective (action coding system in expression)
He found out that there are similarities in emotions between species and between cultures
what is comparative psychology
When you look for similarities and differences between behaviour and biology between species
what are the 6 basic emotions in humans
- Anger
- Disgust
- Fear
- Happiness
- Sadness
- Surprise
Are all emotions of humans present in infants
no, contempt, shame and guilt are not present
What is ethology
it looks at the evolutionary origins of behaviours for survival
Most importnat one was niko tinbergen
What are Nico Tinbergens 4 questions
- Mechanism (Causation)
- Ontogeny (Development)
- Adaptive Value (Function)
- Phylogeny (Evolution)
Answer nico tunbergens 4 questions regarding birdsinging
- Mechanism: Brain Mechanism
- Ontogeny: How does singing develop in different conditions
- Adaptive Value: Mating
- Phylogeny:
Answer nico tunbergens 4 questions regarding human emotions
- Mechanism: Neurology
- Ontogeny: Look at different age groups
- Adaptive Value: risk evaluation
- Phylogeny: look at other species etc
What are the 3 main personality structures in psychoanalysis
Id: Desires and impulses
Ego: mediator between id and superego
Superego: conscience and rules
Why is freuds theory still important today
there are actually neuroscientific supports for his theories
What are freuds psychosexual stages
- Oral stage (year 1): exploring with mouth for exploration and sexual pleasure
- Anal stage (year 3):
- Phallic stage (year 6): oedipus and electra complex
- Latency stage (year 12): child finds out anything sexual results in penalty
- Genital stage (puberty):
What are the 8 stages of psychosocial development according to erikson
- Trust (year 1)
- Autonomie (year 3) (doing stuff ourself)
- Guilt (year 6) (confidence)
- inferiority (year 12) (comparison with others)
- Identity (year 18)
- Isolation (year 40) (opening up)
- Generativity (year 60) (helping next generation)
- Integrity (open end) (looking back)
Are Emotions nature or nuture
There are many evidences that they are from nature, but of course there are still researcher that
in what dimensions are darwin and ekman
nature and passive
in what dimensions is berrret Feldman with her constructivism
nurture and active
what is special about the marshmellowtest
its predictive about later life success
also it involves emotions regulation
what kinds of children are best at emotion regulation
children growing up in a safe enviroment
also its a lot better when they trust the researcher more
what is temperament
individual differences in reactivity and regulation to affect
What kind of classes are there in temperament of children
- Unregulated (high activity): positive relations help
- Regulated (low activity): encouragement for new things helps
- High reactivity: positive interaction
- Bold (High activity and exitment): need structure
- Average (average on all):
- Well adjusted (high inhibition and attention focus)
what is interesting about high reactivity temperament children
1 in 3 of them develops social anxiety
in what 3 areas can childrens emotional development broadly be divided into
- to recognize expressions and convey their own emotions
- understand emotions
- regulate emotions
What are the 3 evidences for that emotions are innate and nature
- Cross cultural evidence
- Expression of emotion in infancy
- infants can discriminate between facial expressions
what is emotional ambiguity
when you know that a persons feeling may be different from your own
what is mind-mindedness and what does it correlate with
how well caregivers are able to read the infants signals
it is a good predictor of attachment security
