Chapter 6: Integrative oncology, MBIs Flashcards
(47 cards)
Alternative vs Complementary Medicine
Alternative - used instead of mainstream, Western medicine
Complementary - used in additional to mainstream medicine
CAM
“Complementary & Alternative Medicine,” most commonly used in publishings
Define “allopathic” medicine
Conventional medicine
Define “Integrative Medicine”
A more recent term that emphasizes the integration of conventional practices + complementary or alternative practices that are safe and evidence-based in efficacy
The heart of IM is the focus on the WHOLE PERSON and their environment
IM = whole health
The NIH classifies complementary health approaches into these 2 categories…
- Biological products
- Mind-body practices
T/F: Biological products (special diets, supplements) are less commonly used than mind-body interventions among cancer & cancer survivors in the US
FALSE - more common use of biological products
Define “Whole Medical Systems”
Traditionally characteristic of traditional, ancient cultures
They encompass mind-body approaches, biologically based, and energy-based approaches
i,e, Traditional Chinese Medicine
What are 3 types of alternative “Whole Medical Systems”
- Traditional Chinese Medicine - uses acupuncture, tai chi, music, biological products
- Ayurveda - Indian belief based on finding the perfect balance of nature elements and the human body. Includes meditation & yoga.
- Homeopathy - biologically based, using diluted natural substances to heal
Define “qi”
Pronounced “chi”
Part of chinese medicine, acupuncture & acupressure help more qi through the body
4 components of meditation
- Quiet, relatively distraction-free area
- Comfortable posture
- Focus of attention
- Judgement-free attitude towards thoughts that arise
Define Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR)
6-8 week mindfulness-based meditation program. Goal is to increase mindfulness in day to day life. Created by Jon Katbat Zinn
Define Qi Gong
Various ways to move qi throughout, into, or out of the body. Incorporates movement, meditation, breathing, massage
Define Tai Chi
A martial arts practice that involves qi gong
What fraction of the US population uses some type of CAM (biological or MBI)?
1/3
What percentage of US adults with cancer have used CAM within the past year?
35.3% (slightly higher than average)
Higher amongst breast cancer
What are the 3 most commonly used MBIs?
- Deep breathing
- Meditation
- Yoga
What are the 3 most common MBIs offered at cancer centers?
- Accupuncture
2/3 (tied): Meditation & yoga
Which BMI group is most likely to use CAM?
Overweight (compared to normal, underweight, or obese)
T/F: The use of CAM is most common among young adult women
True
Most common in 20-30 y/o & > 60 years
Most common in highly educated, widowed, retired
What is the most-likely proposed mechanism of effectiveness for MBIs?
Management of both negative mental and biological impacts of stress
Stress can inhibit immune system & increase inflammation
Has both top down (contemplative like deep breathing U& meditation) & bottom up impacts on stress
The stress response involves the ________________ nervous system
Autonomic (part of the peripheral nervous system)
“involuntary”
Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic nervous system
Sympathetic = fight or flight
*chronic activation = increased inflammation
Parasympathetic = rest & digest
*activation = decreased inflammation
Vagus nerve
Found in neck, activation reduces stress (i.e. top down MBIS)
HPA axis
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
(think cortisol) - activation increases stress
