Chapter 6 - Muscles Flashcards
(25 cards)
Describe in detail voluntary muscle?
Voluntary muscle is attached to bones, works when you want it to, works with its own will, it is also called: skeletal muscle because it is attached to bones, striped muscle because when you look at it under a microscope its striped. Over 40% of our weight is voluntary
What is involuntary muscle?
Some internal examples are: stomach, gut, bladder and blood vessels, its called involuntary because it works on its own
Explain what cardiac muscle is
It is special involuntary muscle that forms the walls of your heart, it works non-stop without tiring, like voluntary its striped
What is muscle fibre?
Muscles are made up of muscle fibres which, there is a mix of slow twitch and fast twitch
What are slow twitch fibres?
Slow twitch fibres contract slowly, and without much force, but they do not tire easily, this is moslty endurance exercise such as long distance running
What are fast twitch fibres?
They contract much faster than slow twitch fibres and with much more force, they do tire quickly. These are suited for activities which need bursts of strength and power, example sprinting.
What do we inherit and how does it work?
Its different in all muscles and different for all people, we inherit this from our parents
What are the main 11 muscles: 1 deltoid 2 3 abdominals 4 5 6 7 8 triceps 9 10 11 gastrocnemius
1 deltoid 2 biceps 3 abdominals 4 quadriceps 5 pectorals 6 latissiums dorsi 7 trapezius 8 triceps 9 gluteals 10 hamstrings 11 gastrocnemius
Are the main 11, prime movers or antagonists?
They are prime movers
What are the functions of these:? 1 deltoid 2 biceps 3 abdominals 4 quadriceps 5 pectorals 6 latissiums dorsi 7 trapezius 8 triceps 9 gluteals 10 hamstrings 11 gastrocnemius
Insert pic from pg 88
Muscles are usually connected to bones by strong cords called?
Tendons
When a muscle contracts usually 1 bone moves what is the other one doing?
The other one is stationery
When a muscle contracts its the ___________ whilst when the muscle relaxes its the _____________
Antagonist —> relaxes
Agonist —> contracts
What does the synergist do?
It helps the prime mover
The state of partial contraction is called?
Muscle tone
What is fatigue?
Fatigue is the mental or physical exhaustion, when fast twitch fibres work maximally for too long they get fatigue
What is lactic acid?
It is a poisonous substance that build ups with fatigue
Muscle changes are reversible, what is the quote to remember?
“ IF YOU DO NOT USE IT YOU LOSE IT”
What is isotonic training?
Isotonic training is when muscles shorten and pull on bones, can also be called dynamic contractions
What are some examples of isotonic training?
Press ups, sit ups
What are some advantages and disadvantages of isotonic training?
Ad -> stregthens muscles through full range of movement
Dis -> makes muscles sore, caused by strength when they’re lenghten
What is isometric training?
Its when you do an action but your muscle does not contract
What does isometric training produce?
Static strength
What are some advantages and disadvantages of isotonic training?
Ad -> You can do it anywhere without expensive equipment
Dis -> muscle only gains strength at the angle
