Chapter 6 Nervous System

Question 1

Nervous System divison

Answer 1

CNS, PNS, ANS

Question 2

CNS

Answer 2

Brain and spinal cord

Question 3

PNS

Answer 3

Cranial nerves, Brachial plexus, Spinal nerves, Lumbosacral plexus

Question 4

ANS

Answer 4

Sympathetic NS, Parasympathetic NS

Question 5

Dendrites

Answer 5

Bring info to the cell body

Question 6

Axons

Answer 6

Take info away from cell body

Question 7

White matter

Answer 7

mostly myelinated, increases speed of impulses in spinal cord and fiber systems by containing ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) fiber pathways. Pathways cross from one side of the body to the other at diff areas

Question 8

Gray matter

Answer 8

mostly unmyelinated, in cerebral cortex and central portion of spinal cord, contains neurons and synapses

Question 9

Myelin sheath

Answer 9

Fatty substance around axon that insulates nerve and electrical impulses and increases nerve conduction speed

Question 10

Synapse

Answer 10

Where a nerve ends and transmission of impulses occur

Question 11

Sensory Neuron Pathway

Answer 11

Dendrites arise in skin, run to its cell body in the POSTERIOR root ganglion of spinal nerve and into the spinal cord, sends AFFERENT impulses

Question 12

Motor Neuron Pathway

Answer 12

Axon leaves ANTERIOR horn through white matter, continue down peripheral nerve to its termination in a motor end plate of a muscle fiber, then conducts EFFERENT impulses

Question 13

Efferent

Answer 13

Motor = away = anterior

Question 14

Afferent

Answer 14

Sensory = towards = posterior

Question 15

What does the brain stem and cerebellum do

Answer 15

basic functions in the brain stem, movement coordination in the cerebellum

Question 16

Posterior Horn of gray matter

Answer 16

Transmits sensory impulses

Question 17

Anterior Horn of gray matter

Answer 17

Transmits motor impulses

Question 18

Upper Motor Neuron and lesion location

Answer 18

Synapse above the anterior horn. Lesion located between the brain and spinal cord, proximal to the anterior horn.

Question 19

Lower Motor Neurons and lesion location

Answer 19

Synapse at or below the anterior horn. Lesion located between anterior horn of the spinal cord and the periphery

Question 20

UMN Clinical signs

Answer 20

Spastic paralysis, Hyperreflexia, Babinski reflex and clonus

Question 21

LMN Clinical signs

Answer 21

Flaccid paralysis, muscle atrophy and hyporeflexia

Question 22

Cranial Nerves

Answer 22

12 pairs located in the brain. Odor Of Orangutans Terrified Tarzan After Forty Voracious Gorillas Attacked Him

Question 23

Trigeminal

Answer 23

V, sensation to the face

Question 24

Facial

Answer 24

VII, motor to the face

Question 25

Spinal Accessory

Answer 25

XI, motor for sternocleidomastoid and trapezius

Question 26

Dermatone

Answer 26

Area of skin innervated by a specific spinal nerve root, use them to diagnose spinal nerve conditions

Question 27

Cervical Plexus

Answer 27

C1 - C4 (Innervates neck muscles)

Question 28

Brachial Plexus

Answer 28

C5 - T1 (motor/sensory for entire upper extremity)

Question 29

Lumbosacral Plexus

Answer 29

L1 - S5 (motor/sensor for entire lower extremity) L1-4 is mostly thigh, L5-S5 is mostly leg and foot