Chapter 6 p243-275

Question 1

What is a NIC

Answer 1

network interface card

Question 2

what do NICs do?

Answer 2

enable workstations, servers, printers etc to receive and transmit data

Question 3

What layers have NIC

Answer 3

physical layer and data layer

Question 4

what is a main bus or system bus?

Answer 4

memory, components and hard disk and NIC used to transmit data

Question 5

How do busses differ?

Answer 5

the amount of data/capacity on its path

Question 6

How does the amount of data allowed in a bus affect the device?

Answer 6

more bits = more speed

Question 7

What is an expansion slot?

Answer 7

a slot that allows an electrical connection to add a device – NIC, Sound card etc

Question 8

What is a PCIe

Answer 8

Peripheral Component Interconnect Express – an expansion board

Question 9

where do you find the kind of NIC your computer has?

Answer 9

inside the box/case

Question 10

What is a peripheral NIC?

Answer 10

a flash drive or external NIC via usb port

Question 11

what is an onboard NIC

Answer 11

a NIC connected or integrated into the motherboard not via an expansion board to save space

Question 12

once you install a NiC what do you have to ensure?

Answer 12

that the correct device driver software is installed.

Question 13

How do you test a NIC

Answer 13

with a loopback plug

Question 14

What is a repeater?

Answer 14

an older way of regenerating a digital signal

Question 15

Does a repeater interpret data?

Answer 15

no, it just repeats it

Question 16

Why might repeaters be used?

Answer 16

in a bus topology to repeat signals along the path

Question 17

What is a hub?

Answer 17

a repeater with more than one output port

Question 18

How is a bridge different from a repeater?

Answer 18

it can interpret mac addresses

Question 19

what layers are repeaters and bridges?

Answer 19

Repeaters – physical, bridges- data

Question 20

What is an advantage of using a bridge not a repeater?

Answer 20

it can expand a network w/o causing more collisions

Question 21

what does a bridge create to help it send data?

Answer 21

a table of MAC addresses

Question 22

What is a switch?

Answer 22

a connectivity device that subdivides a network into smaller pieces

Question 23

What is a way to describe a switch

Answer 23

a multiport bridge

Question 24

What is a benefit of a switch?

Answer 24

separates bandwidth, prevents collisions

Question 25

What are the two most frequent methods of switching?

Answer 25

Cut-through mode and store-and-forward mode

Question 26

What is cut through mode?

Answer 26

the switch reads the frame's header and decides where to send the data

Question 27

what is a problem with cut through mode?

Answer 27

it has difficulty with faulty packets, and errors get through

Question 28

What is a good thing about cut through mode?

Answer 28

speed

Question 29

What is store and forward

Answer 29

switch waits for the entire packet, checks it, then sends it

Question 30

What is a VLAN

Answer 30

virtual local network

Question 31

What is the purpose of a VLAN

Answer 31

to separate a group for security, heavy/unpredictable traffic, priority etc

Question 32

What is STP

Answer 32

spanning tree protocol

Question 33

What does STP do?

Answer 33

it prevents a storm of data being repeated by multiple switches in the tree formation. It figures out the best path for the data

Question 34

What is a router?

Answer 34

a a multi-port connectivity device that sends data to the right place

Question 35

what layer do routers operate?

Answer 35

network layer

Question 36

what does a router do?

Answer 36

connects dissimilar networks, layer 3 addressing, best path, reroute traffic

Question 37

What is a routing table?

Answer 37

identifies which router serves as a house, where hosts are located

Question 38

what is an interior router?

Answer 38

directs data within a LAN, does not connect to the internet, just internal computers

Question 39

what is an exterior router?

Answer 39

connects to the internet

Question 40

what is a border router?

Answer 40

connects a business with its ISP

Question 41

what is dynamic routing?

Answer 41

automatic calculation of the best path, and keeps track.

Question 42

What is static routing

Answer 42

network admin configures the pathways, less efficient

Question 43

what is best path?

Answer 43

most efficient route for data to take

Question 44

what is routing protocol?

Answer 44

the way routers communicate with each other... not routable protocols

Question 45

what is convergence time?

Answer 45

the amount of time it takes for a router to find the best path

Question 46

What is RIP

Answer 46

routing information protocol

Question 47

what is the limit of RIP

Answer 47

15 hops, broadcasts to other routers, so slows network, and not between LANs just within

Question 48

What is the difference between an interior gateway protocol and an exterior gateway protocol?

Answer 48

interior within a LAN, Exterior between LANS on a WAN

Question 49

What is Distance Vector protocol

Answer 49

Based on distance, send over WAN, hops, latency, traffic, not just hops

Question 50

What is LinkState?

Answer 50

a protocol which gets routers to map a network and find the best path between nodes (Distance vector rely on neighbours for data path info)

Question 51

What is OSPF?

Answer 51

Open Shortest Path First protocol

Question 52

What does OSPF do?

Answer 52

allows the router to change the path of data using other routers.

Question 53

What is IS-IS?

Answer 53

Intermediate system to intermediate system, layer 3 protocol, IGP (Internal only)

Question 54

What is EIGRP?

Answer 54

Enhanced interior gateway routing protocol

Question 55

What does EIGRP do?

Answer 55

hybrid, only cisco routers, preferred over OSPF

Question 56

what is a gateway?

Answer 56

a device that connect two dissimilar networks. Slower speeds cause congestion.