Chapter 6 PLEASURE Flashcards
(25 cards)
In the search for something that might make life satisfactory
Pleasure
A place for pleasure in the good life. (Greek word for pleasure)
Hedonism
Two chief forms in which Hedonism assumes:
-Egoistic Hedonism
-Altruistic Hedonism
A chief form of Hedonism which concentrates on the personal pleasure of the individual.
Egoistic Hedonism
A chief form of Hedonism that seeks the pleasure of others.
Altruistic Hedonism
It embraces that of the whole human race.
Universalistic Hedonism
One of the oldest, simplest, and most earthly of ethical theories.
Hedonism
-The first person who proposed Hedonism.
-Identified happiness with pleasure.
Aristippus
He held that pleasure results from gentle motion and pain from roughotion.
Aristippus
It restrains us from excessive passion—(rough motion and unpleasant).
Virtue
The one who refined the Hedonism by joining it to the physical theories of Democritus.
Epicurus
According to him, “The end of life is not intense pleasure, but an abiding peace of mind—a state of cheerful tranquility.”
Epicurus
-An Epicurean
-Subscribes to a hedonistic view with a strong strain of egoism.
Thomas Hobbes
He thinks that nothing is by itself good or evil, but these are names we give to what we desire or detest.
Thomas Hobbes
It is formed not for the benefit of other people but for the peace and safety of each particular person—looking out primarily for himself.
Society
Beyond the pleasure of individual to the pleasure of the group, and then to the pleasure of all mankind.
Utilitarianism
Personal pleasure and pain are dependent on the general happiness and prosperity of the whole community.
Jeremy Bentham
Greatest Happiness Principle
The greatest happiness of the greatest number
He recognized that pleasures differ in quality—there are HIGHER and LOWER pleasures:
Less amount of a higher pleasure > Great amount of a lower pleasure
John Stuart Mill
It is one of the elements that make up happiness—self-satifaction contributing (common welfare at personal expense).
Virtue
He unites the utilitarianism with intuitionism.
Henry Sidgwick
He combines utilitarianism and intuitionism in a different way.
His theory: Ideal Utilitarianism
G.E. Moore
“Telling the truth” maybe good general rule
Act Utilitarian
“Telling the truth” maybe found to be necessary a rule for general good
Rule Utilitarian
