Chapter 6 Review

Question 1

Evidence from a living thing from long ago is preserved as a ____________

Answer 1

Fossil

Question 2

Many fossils are found preserved in _________ rocks

Answer 2

Sedimentary

Question 3

Fossils also form in spaces left in rock by dead organisms. These spaces are called _____. Minerals fill the spaces, forming fossils called _______.

Answer 3

Molds; Casts

Question 4

Some fossils are formed when an organism such as a leaf is pressed into a soft surface, leaving a ______.

Answer 4

Imprint

Question 5

An entire organism can be preserved, such as an insect trapped in _______ or a mammoth trapped in ______

Answer 5

Ice

Question 6

Fossils tell how Earth’s land, ________, and living things have changed over time.

Answer 6

Climates

Question 7

Fossils and layers of rock are evidence of changes that took place over long spans of _______ time.

Answer 7

Geologic

Question 8

Something that can supply ______ is a fuel.

Answer 8

Energy

Question 9

Fuel that is made from the remains of ancient living things is a ___________ _______

Answer 9

Fossil fuel.

Question 10

Fossil fuels form from the remains of buried _______ and _______.

Answer 10

Plant and animals

Question 11

SOIL: If you look at soil with a hand will find small pieces of rocks, minerals and ______

Answer 11

Humus

Question 12

You might not see them, but soil is made up of _____, air, and _______ _______ as well.

Answer 12

Living things

Question 13

When plants and animals die, ________ and fungi decompose them.

Answer 13

Bacteria

Question 14

All the layers of the soil, from Earth’s surface down to the bedrock, are shown in a _____ ______ .

Answer 14

Soil profile.

Question 15

The different layers a soil profile are called _______ and include topsoil, ________ and weathered _______

Answer 15

Subsoil; Bedrock

Question 16

The property of soil that refers to the size of soil particles is called _______. Clay is fine with small particles and sandy soil is _____ with large particles.

Answer 16

Texture; course.

Question 17

Other properties of soil are color and _________ which indicates how how easily _________ passes through soil.

Answer 17

Permeability; water

Question 18

The spaces between the particles in soil, called pore spaces, determine how ______ the soil is.

Answer 18

Porous

Question 19

Soil that is permeable to air and _____ will allow living things to survive.

Answer 19

Water

Question 20

If the soil does not hold enough water, crop plants can ___ __. If the soil holds too much water, then crop plants can _____.

Answer 20

Dry up; drown.

Question 21

Nonliving, natural substances that make up rocks are called _______

Answer 21

Minerals

Question 22

Minerals can be identified by their __________: color, _______, luster and streak.

Answer 22

Properties; hardness

Question 23

Minerals are the building blocks of _____.

Answer 23

Rocks

Question 24

Minerals offer clues about how a rock _____.

Answer 24

Forms

Question 25

A rock that forms from melted rock is _______ rock.

Answer 25

Igneous

Question 26

Melted rock, called _____, cools and hardens to form igneous rock.

Answer 26

Magma

Question 27

Igneous rocks are classified by how quickly they ____ and the size of the mineral grains that form.

Answer 27

Cool

Question 28

Layers of substances are pressed and cemented together to form ___________ rock.

Answer 28

Sedimentary

Question 29

Scientists impart the position of layered rocks to find a rock’s _______ age.

Answer 29

Relative

Question 30

A rock layer and any ______ in that rock a have the same relative age.

Answer 30

Fossil.