Chapter 6- Sediment

Question 1

What are sedimentary rocks?

Answer 1

Rocks formed by the accumulation and consolidation of sediments.

Question 2

What are the three main types of sedimentary rocks?

Answer 2

Detrital, chemical, and organic.

Question 3

True or False: Sedimentary rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of molten rock.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Fill in the blank: Sedimentary rocks are often found in layers, also known as ________.

Answer 4

Strata

Question 5

What is the process by which sediments are transformed into solid rock?

Answer 5

Lithification

Question 6

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of rock fragments?

Answer 6

Clastic

Question 7

What is the main component of chemical sedimentary rocks?

Answer 7

Minerals that precipitate from water solutions.

Question 8

Fill in the blank: Organic sedimentary rocks are derived from the remains of ________ organisms.

Answer 8

Living

Question 9

True or False: Sedimentary rocks are the most abundant type of rock on Earth’s surface.

Answer 9

True

Question 10

What is the process by which sediments are transported and deposited by wind, water, or ice?

Answer 10

Erosion

Question 11

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of organic remains?

Answer 11

Organic

Question 12

What is the name for the process of breaking down rocks into smaller particles?

Answer 12

Weathering

Question 13

Fill in the blank: Sedimentary rocks often contain fossils, which are the preserved remains of ________ organisms.

Answer 13

Ancient

Question 14

True or False: Sedimentary rocks are typically formed deep within the Earth’s mantle.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What is the name for the process of sediments being deposited in layers and compacted over time?

Answer 15

Stratification

Question 16

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the precipitation of minerals from water solutions?

Answer 16

Chemical

Question 17

Fill in the blank: Sedimentary rocks are often used in construction as ________ material.

Answer 17

Building

Question 18

True or False: Sedimentary rocks can be formed from the cooling and solidification of molten lava.

Answer 18

False

Question 19

What is the name for the process of sediments being compacted and cemented together?

Answer 19

Diagenesis

Question 20

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of organic remains such as shells or plant material?

Answer 20

Organic

Question 21

Fill in the blank: Sedimentary rocks are often used to study Earth’s ________ history.

Answer 21

Geological

Question 22

True or False: Sedimentary rocks can only form on land, not in the ocean.

Answer 22

False

Question 23

What is the name for the process of sediments being transported by a moving agent like water or wind?

Answer 23

Deposition

Question 24

Which type of sedimentary rock is formed from the accumulation of rock fragments that have been physically weathered?

Answer 24

Clastic

Question 25

Why are sedimentary rocks economically important?

Answer 25

-used for building materials -used to filter water -coal, oil, and natural gases

Question 26

Rounding Sorting

Answer 26

-Occurs due to abrasion during transport. -occurs as sediment is separated according to grained size by transport agents, especially running water.

Question 27

Detrital Rocks

Answer 27

Brescia, Conglomerate, sandstone, Arkose, Graywacke, shale, siltstone, mud stone

Question 28

Chemical rocks

Answer 28

Limestone, dolomite, chert. *Evaporites*: Gypsum, rock salt

Question 29

Organic

Answer 29

Coal, chalk, coquina

Question 30

Clastic

Answer 30

Detrital rocks

Question 31

Non- clastic

Answer 31

Inorganic, organic