Chapter 6 - Surface Water Source Treatments

Question 1

A pond, lake, or reservoir constructed by carving out a basin or building a dam across a stream valley.

Answer 1

Impoundment

Question 2

The addition of water to the groundwater supply from precipitation and by infiltration from surface streams, lakes, reservoirs, and snowmelt.

Answer 2

Recharge

Question 3

A structure or device placed in a surface water source to permit the withdrawal of water from that source.

Answer 3

Intake Structure

Question 4

The accumulation of silt (small soil particles between 0.00016 & 0.0024 in. in diameter) in an impoundment.

Answer 4

Siltation

Question 5

The separation of water in lakes and reservoirs such that a warm layer of water overlies a cooler layer.

Answer 5

Stratification

Question 6

The upper, warmer layer in a stratified lake.

Answer 6

Epilimnion

Question 7

The lower layer of water in a stratified lake.
The water temperature is near 39.2 F (4 C), at which water attains its maximum density.

Answer 7

Hypolimnion

Question 8

The temperature transition zone in a stratified lake, located between the epilimnion and the hypolimnion.

Answer 8

Thermocline

Question 9

Use of a method to prevent a lake or reservoir from becoming stratified.
Typically consists of releasing diffused compressed air at a low point on the lake bottom.

Answer 9

Destratification