Chapter 6: The Central nervous system

Question 1

Main functional areas of the CNS

Answer 1

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Spinal chord
Medulla oblongata

Question 2

Main functional areas of the CNS

Answer 2

Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Hypothalamus
Spinal chord
Medulla oblongata

Question 3

Deets; Cerebrum

Answer 3

High-order functions, such as thinking, reasoning, memory, learning, conscious awareness of surroundings.

Question 4

deets; Cerebellum

Answer 4

Co-ordination of fine contraction muscles resulting in smooth movements and the maintenance of posture and balance.

Question 5

deets; Hypothalamus

Answer 5

Homeostasis: regulation of heart, digestive system, appetite, thirst, metabolism, body temperature, response to fear or anger.

Question 6

deets; Spinal chord

Answer 6

Provides a pathway for communication b/w muscles and glands in the brain. Integration of automatic, protective reflexes.

Question 7

deets; Medulla oblongata

Answer 7

Under the influence of the hypothalamus, regulates the heart, breathing and diameter of blood vessels.

Question 8

deets; Medulla oblongata

Answer 8

Under the influence of the hypothalamus, regulates the heart, breathing and diameter of blood vessels.

Question 9

CNS protection

Answer 9

1. Bone (Skull for brain, Vertebral Canal for Spinal chord)
2. Meninges
3. Cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 10

Cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 10

• Three functions are protection, support and transport.
• It’s a clear, watery fluid that acts as a shock absorber for the brain/spinal chord. Made from blood; moves nutrients to and wastes from the CNS.

Question 11

Tracts

Answer 11

Bundles of nerve fibres within the CNS.

Question 12

3 tracts within white matter

Answer 12

1. Connects diff. areas of the cortex within the same hemisphere.
2. Carries impulses b/w L and R hemispheres.
3. Connects cortex to other areas of the brain or spinal cord.

Question 13

Deets; Cerebrum

Answer 13

High-order functions, such as thinking, reasoning, memory, learning, conscious awareness of surroundings.

Question 14

deets; Cerebellum

Answer 14

Co-ordination of fine contraction muscles resulting in smooth movements and the maintenance of posture and balance.

Question 15

deets; Hypothalamus

Answer 15

Homeostasis: regulation of heart, digestive system, appetite, thirst, metabolism, body temperature, response to fear or anger.

Question 16

deets; Spinal chord

Answer 16

Provides a pathway for communication b/w muscles and glands in the brain. Integration of automatic, protective reflexes.

Question 17

deets; Medulla oblongata

Answer 17

Under the influence of the hypothalamus, regulates the heart, breathing and diameter of blood vessels.

Question 18

CNS protection

Answer 18

1. Bone (Skull for brain, Vertebral Canal for Spinal chord)
2. Meninges
3. Cerebrospinal fluid.

Question 19

Cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 19

• Three functions are protection, support and transport.
• It’s a clear, watery fluid that acts as a shock absorber for the brain/spinal chord. Made from blood; moves nutrients to and wastes from the CNS.

Question 20

Tracts

Answer 20

Bundles of nerve fibres within the CNS.

Question 21

3 tracts within white matter

Answer 21

1. Connects diff. areas of the cortex within the same hemisphere.
2. Carries impulses b/w L and R hemispheres.
3. Connects cortex to other areas of the brain or spinal cord.

Question 22

Structure/function of Cerebrum

Answer 22

Outer surface, grey matter
Inner area, white matter
Centre of cerebrum is grey matter( basal ganglia)

Question 23

4 lobes of brain

Answer 23

-Frontal, Parietal, Occipital, Temporal.

Question 24

Structure/function of Cerebrum

Answer 24

Outer surface, grey matter
Inner area, white matter
Centre of cerebrum is grey matter( basal ganglia)
• Highly folded nature of brain; increases S.A. Contains 70% of CNS neurons.
• Rounded edges due to folding, known as convolutions. Separated by shallow downfolds (sulci) or deep folds (fissures).
• ^^^ Deeper fissure; longitudinal fissure; Separates brain into L and R hemispheres.