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Kinesiology > Chapter 6 - The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints > Flashcards

Chapter 6 - The Elbow and Radioulnar Joints Flashcards

1
Q

Is the elbow different than the radioulnar?

A

Yes

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2
Q

Proximal v. Distal Anatomy

A
  • Ulna –> proximal bigger

- Radius –> radius bigger

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3
Q

What type of joint is it?

A

A lot of motion, diarthrodial –> hinge –> ginglymus

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4
Q

2 interrelated joints

- Where does the motion mainly occur?

A
  • Majority of motion occurs at humeroulnar joint and to a lesser degree at radiohumeral
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5
Q

What is the UCL and what does it do?

A
  • Ulnar collateral ligament
  • Resist valgus stress (stress on lateral side of joint)
  • 3 bands: anterior band; helps resist valgus stress most (injured most often)
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6
Q

What is the RCL?

A
  • Humerus to radius on lateral side

- Resist a varus stress (stress on medially side)

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7
Q

What is the annular?

A
  • Acts as a sling to hold radial head against the ulna
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8
Q

Radiolulnar joint

- Type?

A
  • Diarthrodial –> pivot –> trochoid
  • Radial head rotates around the proximal ulna
  • Distal radius rotates around the distal ulna
  • Held together by interosseus memnrane
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9
Q

Movements?

A
  • Flexion: move our hand toward our shoulder
  • Extension: move our hand away from our shoulder
  • Pronation: palm down
  • Supination: palm up
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10
Q

Muscles

  • Flexors?
  • Extensors?
  • Radioulnar Pronators?
  • Radioulnar Supinators?
A 
Flexors:
- Biceps brachii
- Brachialis
- Brachioradialis
Extensors:
- Triceps
- Anconeoneus
Pronators:
- Pronator quatratis
- Pronator teres
- Brachioradialis
Supinators:
- Biceps Brachialis
- Supinator
- Brachioradialis
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11
Q

What are some common injuries and how do they occur?

A

Tennis Elbow:
- Lateral epicondylitis, extension of the wrist paired with supination. Backhand tennis shots
Golfer’s Elbow:
- Medial epicondylitis, flexion and pronation

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12
Q

What does the radial nerve innervate and where does it originate?

A
  • Originates from C5-C8, innervates triceps, brachioradialis, supinator, anconeus
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13
Q

What does the median nerve innervate and where does it originate?

A
  • Derived from C6 and C7, innervates pronator teres, pronator quadratis
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14
Q

What does the musculotaneous nerve innervate and where does it originate?

A
  • Branches from C5 and C6, innervates biceps brachii and brachialis
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15
Q

Biceps Brachii Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A 
Origin:
- Coracoid process
Insertion:
- Radial tuberosity
Movements:
- Flexion of elbow
- Supination of forearm
- Weak flexion of shoulder joint
- Weak abduction of shoulder joint when externally rotated
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16
Q

Brachialis Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A 
Origin:
- Distal half of anterior portion of humerus
Insertion:
- Coronoid process of ulna
Movements:
- True flexion of elbow
17
Q

Brachioradialis Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin:
- Distal 2/3 of lateral condyloid ridge of humerus
Insertion:
- Lateral surface of distal end of radius at styloid process
Movements:
- Flexion of elbow
- Pronation from supinated position to neutral
- Supination from pronated position to neutral

18
Q

Triceps Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin:
- Long Head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
- Lateral Head: upper half of posterior surface of the humerus
- Medial Head: distal 2/3 of posterior surface of humerus
Insertion:
- Olecranon process of ulna
Movements:
- All heads: extension of elbow
- Long head: extension of shoulder joint; adduction of shoulder joint; horizontal abduction

19
Q

Anconeus Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin:
- Posterior surface of lateral condyle of the humerus
Insertion:
- Posterior surface of upper ulna and olecranon
Movements:
- Extension of elbow

20
Q

Pronator Teres Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin:
- Distal part of medial condyloid ridge of humerus, medial side of the proximal ulna
Insertion:
- Middle third of lateral surface of radius
Movements:
- Pronation of forearm
- Weak flexion of elbow

21
Q

Pronator Quadratus Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A 
Origin: 
- Distal fourth of anterior side of ulna
Insertion:
- Distal fourth of anterior side of radius
Movements:
- Pronation of forearm
22
Q

Supinator Muscle

  • Origin?
  • Insertion?
  • Movements?
A

Origin:
- Lateral epicondyle of humerus and neighboring posterior part of ulna
Insertion:
- Lateral surface of proximal radius just below head
Movements:
- Supination of forearm

23
Q

Elbow Flexion

- Muscles?

A
  • Biceps Brachii (long head)
  • Biceps Brachii (short head)
  • Brachialis
  • Brachioradialis
  • Pronator Teres (Weak Flexion)
24
Q

Elbow Extension

- Muscles?

A
  • Triceps Brachii (long head)
  • Triceps Brachii (lateral head)
  • Triceps Brachii (medial head)
  • Anconeus
25
Q

Radioulnar Pronation

- Muscles?

A
  • Pronator Teres

- Pronator Quadratus

26
Q

Radioulnar Supination

- Muscles?

A
  • Biceps Brachii (long head)
  • Biceps Brachii (short head)
  • Supinator

Kinesiology (4 decks)

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