Chapter 6 Wordlist

Question 1

Atresia

Answer 1

a condition in which an orifice or passage in the body is closed or absent

Question 2

Dyspepsia

Answer 2

upper abdominal discomfort, described as burning sensation, bloating or gassiness, nausea, or feeling full too quickly after starting to eat (indigestion)

Question 3

Herniorrhaphy

Answer 3

hernia repair; a surgical operation for the correction of a hernia (a bulging of internal organs or tissues through the wall that contains it)

Question 4

Stool Guaiac

Answer 4

one of several tests that detects the presence of fecal occult blood; the test involves placing a fecal sample on guaiac paper and applying hydrogen peroxide which, in the presence of blood, yields a blue reaction product within seconds

Question 5

Nasogastric Intubation

Answer 5

a medical process involving the insertion of a plastic tube (nasogastric tube or NG tube) through the nose, past the throat, and down into the stomach

Question 6

Hematemesis

Answer 6

vomiting of stomach contents mixed with blood, or the regurgitation of blood only

Question 7

Hemoptysis

Answer 7

the spitting of blood derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as a result of pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage

Question 8

Gastrorrhagia

Answer 8

hemorrhage from the stomach, also known as a gastric hemorrhage

Question 9

Hemorrhage

Answer 9

the release of blood from a broken blood vessel, either inside or outside the body

Question 10

Cholangiography

Answer 10

X-ray examination of the bile ducts, used to locate and identify an obstruction

Question 11

Lower GI Series

Answer 11

a procedure in which a doctor uses x-rays and a chalky liquid called barium to view your large intestine (the lower part of your small intestine (ileum) and your large intestine (including your colon and rectum))

Question 12

Upper GI Series

Answer 12

a radiographic (X-ray) examination of the upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract (esophagus, stomach, and duodenum (first part of the small intestine))

Question 13

Polyphagia

Answer 13

excessive eating from excess hunger or increased appetite

Question 14

Abdominoplasty

Answer 14

“tummy tuck”; a cosmetic surgery procedure used to make the abdomen thinner and more firm; the surgery involves the removal of excess skin and fat from the middle and lower abdomen in order to tighten the muscle and fascia of the abdominal wall

Question 15

Cholestasis

Answer 15

any condition in which the flow of bile from the liver stops or slows

Question 16

Paracentesis

Answer 16

the perforation of a cavity of the body or of a cyst or similar outgrowth, especially with a hollow needle to remove fluid or gas

Question 17

Angioplasty

Answer 17

also referred to as the
balloon procedure.; when a coronary
artery is blocked with a fatty,
cholesterol plaque, blood flow is
restricted

Question 18

Arteriosclerosis

Answer 18

hardening of an artery

Question 19

Bifurcation

Answer 19

“the process of branching into two”

Question 20

Tachypnea

Answer 20

rapid breathing

Question 21

Bradycardia

Answer 21

condition of a slow heartbeat

Question 22

The three sets of salivary glands are called?

Answer 22

the parotid, the submandibular, and the sublingual

Question 23

What does saliva do?

Answer 23

helps to moisten the food for easier swallowing, and it also contains
digestive enzymes that aid in initiating the digestive process

Question 24

LES

Answer 24

lower esophageal sphincter; acts as a valve that normally keeps food and stomach acid in the stomach, and prevents the stomach’s contents from regurgitating back into the esophagus

Question 25

Peristalsis

Answer 25

the involuntary constriction and relaxation of the muscles of the intestine or another canal, creating wave-like movements that push the contents of the canal forward

Question 26

Pyloric Sphincter

Answer 26

relaxes and allows the food to leave the stomach

Question 27

How long is the small intestine?

Answer 27

about 20 feet

Question 28

Villi

Answer 28

small projections that line the walls of the small intestine and absorbs nutrients

Question 29

Duodenum

Answer 29

receives the food
mixture from the stomach along with
bile from the liver and gall bladder

Question 30

What are the three sections of the small intestine?

Answer 30

the duodenum, the jejunum, and the ileum

Question 31

The divisions of the colon?

Answer 31

the ascending colon, the transverse colon,
the descending colon, and the sigmoid
colon

Question 32

Esophagus

Answer 32

a long tubular
structure that moves the food from
the pharynx to the stomach; the
muscular walls of the esophagus
contract in a process called peristalsis
to make the movement of food
possible

Question 33

Small Intestine

Answer 33

helps to further digest food coming from the stomach

Question 34

Colon

Answer 34

receives the liquid waste mixture and
processes it into a semi-solid fecal
form to be removed from the body
through the process of defecation

Question 35

Pancreas

Answer 35

produces digestive enzymes (amylase,
lipase, and protease, for the break down of starches,
fats, and proteins)

Question 36

Gall Bladder

Answer 36

stores bile from the liver

Question 37

Liver

Answer 37

produces bile which helps to break
down fats

Question 38

Cirrhosis

Answer 38

a chronic disease of the
liver; the liver cells degenerate and
are infiltrated by fat

Question 39

Appendectomy

Answer 39

removal of the appendix

Question 40

Appendix

Answer 40

pouch that hangs from the cecum; it does not
participate in digestion

Question 41

Ascites

Answer 41

abnormal accumulation of fluid in the
abdomen