Chapter 7 Flashcards
Define cognition / thinking.
Thinking, including perception, learning, problem solving, judgement, and memory
Define language.
Communication system that involves using words to transmit information from one individual to another
What are Sternberg’s three types of intelligence?
Analytical Intelligence: Academic problem solving and computation
Creative Intelligence: Imaginative and innovative problem solving
Practical Intelligence:
Street smarts and common sense
Contrast natural and artificial categories.
Natural concepts are created “naturally” through your experiences and can be developed from either direct or indirect experiences. Artificial concepts are those defined by a specific set of characteristics.
Explain the stages of language development between birth to age 2.
0-3 Months: Reflexive Communication
3-8 Months: Reflexive communication; interest in others
8-13 months: Intentional communication; sociability
12-18 Months: First words
18-24 Months: Simple sentences of two words
Define anchoring bias.
Concept that is defined by a very specific set of characteristics
Define hindsight bias.
Belief that the event just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t
Define confirmation bias.
Faulty heuristic in which you focus on information that confirms your beliefs
Give some examples of using fluid intelligence.
Fluid intelligence encompasses the ability to see complex relationships and solve problems.
Book Example:
Navigating your way home after being detoured onto an unfamiliar route
Give some examples of using crystallized intelligence.
Crystallized intelligence is characterized as acquired knowledge and the ability to retrieve it.
Book Example:
Memorizing coursework
