Chapter 7

Question 0

Define chiral

Answer 0

A molecule that is nonsuperimposable on its mirror image

Question 1

What are isomers that have the same constitution but different spatial arrangement called?

Answer 1

Stereoisomers

Question 2

a mixture containing an equal amount of two enantiomers

Answer 2

racemic mixture

Question 3

optically active compounds rotate plane-polarized light. Which direction do the terms dextrorotatory and levorotatory match up with.

Answer 3

dextrorotatory=clockwise ,levorotatory=counter-clockwise

Question 4

define optical activity

Answer 4

the ability of a chiral compound to rotate a plane of plane-polarized light. Achiral compounds do not cause the oration.

Question 5

define achiral

Answer 5

a molecule that is superimposable on its mirror image. This molecule contains a plane or center of symmetry

Question 6

define optically inactive

Answer 6

The plane-polarized light passes through a solution of the compound unchanged. racemic mixtures are optically inactive.

Question 7

constitutional isomer

Answer 7

same molecular formula, different connectivity

Question 8

define enantiomer

Answer 8

one of two stereoisomers that are mirror images and non-superimposable

Question 9

enantiomeric excess

Answer 9

tells us how much more there is of one enantiomer than another in a mixture. Also called optical purity.

Question 10

Define diastereomer

Answer 10

Stereoisomer that is not a mirror image. Can occur if there is more than one chiral center.