Chapter 7

Question 1

The discipline underlying the study of flow. Encompasses not only the balances of thermodynamics but also the linear momentum principle (Newton’s Second Law)

Answer 1

Fluid Mechanics

Question 2

is one that contains a fixed quantity of matter into which no matter is allowed to flow in but energy may flow in or out

Answer 2

non-flow system

Question 3

involves matter crossing the boundaries of the system either at steady or unsteady rate

Answer 3

flow system

Question 4

duct flow assumptions

Answer 4

• steady-state, one dimensional flow
• no shaft work
  -adiabatic

Question 5

steady-state adiabatic flow in a horizontal pipe of constant cross-sectional area

Answer 5

pipe flow

Question 6

is a device with decreasing cross sectional area and is used to increase fluid velocity

Answer 6

nozzle

Question 7

is a device with increasing cross sectional area and is used to decrease fluid velocity

Answer 7

diffuser

Question 8

an irreversible expansion process

Answer 8

throttling

Question 9

this process occurs when the fluid is flowing across a restriction (partially closed valve or a small orifice) placed in the flow passage

Answer 9

throttling process

Question 10

is used for obtaining the dryness fraction of wet steam

Answer 10

throttling process

Question 11

assumptions for throttling process

Answer 11

KE & PE are negligible
no Ws
No Q
H1=H2

Question 12

flow-restricting devices

Answer 12

an adjustable valve
a porous plug
a capillary tube

Question 13

are ay kind of flow-restricting devices that cause a significant pressure drop in the fluid

Answer 13

throttling valves

Question 14

reduces pressure of the fluid without performing work

Answer 14

throttling valve

Question 15

a work-producing device through the expansion of a fluid

Answer 15

turbine

Question 16

device used to increase pressure of a fluid and involves work input

Answer 16

compressor

Question 17

is a device which produces power by consuming energy carried by a fluid

Answer 17

turbine

Question 18

assumptions for turbine

Answer 18

negligible KE, PE, Q
isentropic expansion bcos walls of turbine are thermally insulated

Question 19

(turbine or expander) if working fluid is steam is used to provide the motive force as in a power plant

Answer 19

turbine

Question 20

(turbine or expander) if high pressure gas, such as ammonia or ethylene in a chemical or petrochemical plant

Answer 20

expander

Question 21

compression processes devices

Answer 21

compressors, pumps, fans, blowers, vacuum pumps

Question 22

circulates air around an entire room or space

Answer 22

fan

Question 23

circulates the air only on the specific or pointed area

Answer 23

blower

Question 24

used to remove gases or vapors from an evacuated space and compress them for discharge at a higher pressure

Answer 24

ejector