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AAE > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

What is oxyfuel gas cutting (OFC)?

A

A group of oxygen cutting processes that use heat from an oxyfuel gas flame to raise the metal’s temperature to its kindling temperature before cutting with oxygen.

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2
Q

What is the kindling temperature of steel in pure oxygen?

A

1600° to 1800°F (870°C to 900°C).

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3
Q

What is the most commonly used fuel gas in oxyfuel gas cutting?

A

Oxyacetylene.

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4
Q

What are some other fuel gases used for oxyfuel cutting?

A
  • MPS (MAPP) gas
  • Natural gas
  • Propane
  • Propylene
  • Hydrogen
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5
Q

In which industries is the oxyfuel cutting torch used?

A
  • Manufacturing
  • Maintenance
  • Automotive repair
  • Railroad
  • Farming
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6
Q

True or False: Most workers have high-quality cuts when using the oxyfuel cutting torch.

A

False.

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7
Q

What is a key characteristic of a good oxyfuel cut?

A

Should be straight and square with little or no postcut cleanup.

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8
Q

What are the three types of oxyfuel cutting processes mentioned?

A
  • Manual cutting
  • Mechanized cutting
  • Automatic cutting
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9
Q

What type of oxyfuel cutting is typically used for short-run production?

A

Manual cutting.

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10
Q

What is one advantage of mechanized or automatic cutting?

A

Allows for multiple identical cuts to be made simultaneously.

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11
Q

What specialties are found in oxyfuel cutting jobs?

A
  • Flame cutting
  • Gouging
  • Beveling
  • Scarfing
  • Automated cutting machine operation
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12
Q

What types of metals are easy to cut with oxyfuel gas cutting?

A

Iron base carbon steels (up to 0.3% carbon).

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13
Q

What should be done before cutting high alloy and high-strength steels?

A

Preheat the metal.

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14
Q

What can happen if high-strength steel is not preheated before cutting?

A

A very thin hardness zone can develop, leading to cracks.

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15
Q

Which metals are difficult to cut with oxyfuel cutting?

A
  • High nickel steels
  • Cast iron
  • Stainless steel
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16
Q

Can nonferrous metals be cut by oxyfuel cutting?

A

Most cannot, but a few reactive nonferrous metals like titanium and magnesium can be cut.

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17
Q

What is a common issue with cutting reactive nonferrous metals?

A

Extensive postcut cleanup is required.

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18
Q

Fill in the blank: The approximate neutral oxyfuel flame temperature of acetylene is ______.

A

5589°F.

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19
Q
A
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20
Q

What has the National Bureau of Standards identified regarding filter plates?

A

Proper filter plates and uses

Recommended filter plates are identified by shade number related to the type of cutting operation.

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21
Q

What type of eye protection is required for flame cutting?

A

Goggles or other suitable eye protection

Goggles should have vents near the lenses to prevent fogging.

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22
Q

What should be provided to protect the filter lens in cutting operations?

A

Cover lenses or plates

Filter lenses must be marked for easy identification of the shade number.

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23
Q

What is the most common type of oxyfuel gas cutting torch used in industry?

A

Oxyacetylene hand torch

Often referred to simply as the hand torch.

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24
Q

What type of torch offers more flexibility for welding and cutting?

A

Combination welding and cutting torch

Offers quick attachment of cutting head, welding tip, or heating tip.

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25
Where are combination torch sets often used?
In schools, automotive repair shops, auto body shops, and small welding shops ## Footnote Used where flexibility in equipment is needed.
26
What is a characteristic of dedicated cutting torches compared to combination torches?
Dedicated cutting torches are usually longer and have larger gas flow passages ## Footnote This design helps keep the operator away from heat and sparks.
27
What gases are mixed to form a high-temperature preheating flame in cutting?
Oxygen and fuel gas ## Footnote The gases must be completely mixed before leaving the tip.
28
What are the two methods used to mix gases for cutting torches?
One method uses a mixing chamber ## Footnote The second method is not specified in the provided text.
29
Fill in the blank: Proper filter lenses must be marked so that the shade number can be readily _______.
identified
30
31
What is the purpose of the mixing chamber in equal-pressure torches?
To ensure gases enter under the same pressure and mix thoroughly due to turbulence ## Footnote The mixing chamber is larger than both the gas inlet and outlet.
32
What type of torches work with both equal gas pressures and low fuel-gas pressures?
Injector torches ## Footnote Injector torches can operate with fuel gas pressures as low as 6 oz/in².
33
How does an injector work in a torch?
By passing oxygen through a venturi to create a low-pressure area that pulls fuel gases in ## Footnote This mixing method is essential for utilizing low-pressure fuel gas supplies.
34
What is the advantage of a cutting tip held at a slight angle?
Easier for the welder to use when cutting flat plates ## Footnote Right-angle cutting tips are better for uneven material shapes.
35
What factors determine the choice of cutting lever location on a torch?
Personal preference of the welder ## Footnote The location can vary, with most levers pivoting from the front or back end.
36
What is a machine cutting torch sometimes referred to as?
Line burner ## Footnote Machine cutting torches operate similarly to hand-cutting torches but may have additional oxygen regulators.
37
What is the purpose of having two oxygen regulators in a machine cutting torch?
To allow separate adjustment of preheat oxygen and cutting oxygen streams ## Footnote This enables more accurate flame adjustments during cutting.
38
What materials are most cutting tips made of?
Copper alloy ## Footnote Some tips are also chrome-plated to prevent spatter.
39
Fill in the blank: A mixing chamber is larger than both the _______ and the _______.
gas inlet, gas outlet ## Footnote This design feature is crucial for effective gas mixing.
40
True or False: Both types of torches can be used for any type of material being cut.
True ## Footnote However, practice is needed to maintain a square and accurate cut.
41
What is the purpose of the mixing chamber in equal-pressure torches?
To ensure gases enter under the same pressure and mix thoroughly due to turbulence ## Footnote The mixing chamber is larger than both the gas inlet and outlet.
42
What type of torches work with both equal gas pressures and low fuel-gas pressures?
Injector torches ## Footnote Injector torches can operate with fuel gas pressures as low as 6 oz/in².
43
How does an injector work in a torch?
By passing oxygen through a venturi to create a low-pressure area that pulls fuel gases in ## Footnote This mixing method is essential for utilizing low-pressure fuel gas supplies.
44
What is the advantage of a cutting tip held at a slight angle?
Easier for the welder to use when cutting flat plates ## Footnote Right-angle cutting tips are better for uneven material shapes.
45
What factors determine the choice of cutting lever location on a torch?
Personal preference of the welder ## Footnote The location can vary, with most levers pivoting from the front or back end.
46
What is a machine cutting torch sometimes referred to as?
Line burner ## Footnote Machine cutting torches operate similarly to hand-cutting torches but may have additional oxygen regulators.
47
What is the purpose of having two oxygen regulators in a machine cutting torch?
To allow separate adjustment of preheat oxygen and cutting oxygen streams ## Footnote This enables more accurate flame adjustments during cutting.
48
What materials are most cutting tips made of?
Copper alloy ## Footnote Some tips are also chrome-plated to prevent spatter.
49
Fill in the blank: A mixing chamber is larger than both the _______ and the _______.
gas inlet, gas outlet ## Footnote This design feature is crucial for effective gas mixing.
50
True or False: Both types of torches can be used for any type of material being cut.
True ## Footnote However, practice is needed to maintain a square and accurate cut.
51
52
What should be used to select a tip for cutting?
A standard set of tip cleaners ## Footnote This helps to find the size of the center cutting orifice.
53
What factors affect actual gas pressures?
Factors include: * Equipment manufacturer * Condition of the equipment * Hose length * Hose diameter * Regulator size * Operator skill ## Footnote Always start with the pressure recommended by the equipment manufacturer.
54
What types of cutting tips are available?
Types include: * Specialized cutting tips * Mechanized cutting tips * Automated cutting tips ## Footnote Each type may come in several sizes.
55
What is the purpose of preheat flame in cutting?
To determine the type of cut based on fuel gas, material thickness, shape, and surface condition ## Footnote Thicker materials or those with rust, paint, or oil require more preheat.
56
What determines the type of fuel gas to be used in cutting tips?
The type or number of preheat holes in the tips ## Footnote Different fuel gases require different designs.
57
What is the maximum number of preheat holes for acetylene cutting tips?
Up to eight preheat holes ## Footnote Some large acetylene cutting tips may have more.
58
What can happen if acetylene is used in tips designed for other fuel gases?
The tip may overheat, causing a backfire or explosion ## Footnote It is crucial to use the correct tip for acetylene.
59
What should be done before using a cutting tip?
Inspect the tip for clogs or damage ## Footnote Clean the tip and orifices if necessary.
60
What type of cutting tips are MPS gases used in?
Tips having eight preheat holes or in a two-piece tip that is not recessed ## Footnote MPS gases have a slower flame combustion rate than acetylene.
61
What type of tips should propane and natural gas be used in?
Two-piece tips that are typically deeply recessed ## Footnote The flame burns at a slow rate and may not stay lit otherwise.
62
Fill in the blank: The amount of preheat flame required is determined by the type of _______ used.
[fuel gas]
63
True or False: Different cutting tips can be used interchangeably regardless of the fuel gas.
False ## Footnote Each tip must be appropriate for the specific fuel gas being used.

AAE (7 decks)

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