Chapter 7 Flashcards
(28 cards)
What is a mole?
The quantity of a chemical substance that has an Avogrado number of atoms, molecules, or formula units
What is Avogrado’s number?
6.022 times 10^23
What is molar mass?
The mass, in grams, of one mole of chemical substance
What is the molar mass of Na?
22.99 g/(mol of sodium atoms)
What is the molar mass of CO2?
44.01 g/(mol of carbon dioxide)
Work- 12.01+2(16.00)
What is the molar mass of NaCI?
58.44 g/(mol of sodium chloride formula)
Work- 22.99+35.45
What is the molar mass of C6H12O6
180.16 g/(mol of glucose molecules)
Work- 6(12.01)+12(1.008)+6(16.00)
Reactants undergo bond breaking that _____ energy?
Requires
Products undergo bonding forming that _____ energy?
Releases
What are combination reactions?
Two or more chemical elements or chemical compounds combining to form a new chemical compound
What are decomposition reactions?
A chemical substance that breaks apart two or more other chemical substances
What are replacement reactions?
Atoms that undergo replacements
What are combustion reactions?
A chemical element in a chemical compound that combine with oxygen
What is oxidation?
The process in which an atom/molecule/ion loses one or more electrons
What is reductions?
A process in which an atom/molecule/ ion gains one or more electrons
What is oxidation?
Reduction reactions commonly occur all around us every day
What are examples of oxidation?
1) Burning of gasoline in a car
2) Toasting of bread
3) Baking a cake
4) Rusting of steel
5) The metabolism of sugar in our bodies to carbon dioxide gas and water
Metal atoms typically undergo oxidation to form _____?
Cations
Nonmetal atoms typically undergo reduction to form _______ ?
Anions
True or false: In oxidation, the number of electrons lost do not need to equal the number of electrons gained?
False
In all oxidation - reduction reactions, the number of electrons lost must equal the number of electrons gained
What is chemical kinetics?
The study of reaction rates
For a chemical reaction to occur, what must happen?
1) Collision among the atoms/molecules/ions of the reactants is required
2) Proper orientation of the atoms/molecules/ions is required
3) The collision must be energetic such that bond breaking occurs
What is the energy required to start a chemical reaction called?
Energy of activation - effective collision
When the total energy of the reactants is less than the total energy of the products, the chemical reaction is _____?
Endothermic
