chapter 7 Flashcards
(32 cards)
electromagnetic radiation
light or forms of energy that behave as light, is a way that energy can travel through space, has an electric component and a magnetic component
wavelength
distance between two peaks in a wave (lambda)
frequency
of waves or cycles per second that pass through a given point in space (script v)
amplitude
the height of each wave
electromagnetic radiation travels at what speed?
speed of light (c)
c =
lambda/scriptv
speed of light unit
meters/second
until 1900, particles were thought…
to contain a certain mass, could gain or lose any amount of energy, and their location could be known
energy is hypothesized to be a…
delocalized wave with no mass
Max Plank
heated solid objects to incandescence, as temperature increases, the color went red to orange to yellow to white. The amount of energy depends on wavelength and energy was only lost/gained in whole number variables of Plank’s constant
what does it mean to say energy is quantized?
It is only lost or gained in tiny packets called quantum
diffraction
scattering of light from a regular array of points or lines
photoelectric event
phenomena that occur when light strikes the surface of a metal and electrons are ejected when there exists a certain threshold frequency that must be surpassed
for light with frequency less than Vo,
no electrons are emitted regardless of intensity of light
for light with frequency greater than Vo
the number of electrons emitted increased as light intensity increased, and the kinetic energy of emitted electrons increased linearly with light frequency
it takes a … energy to be an electron on the outside of a bohr model, so the energy difference between the two levels is
higher, a specific wavelength
emission spectra of atoms
in the gas phase produce a line spectrum where only discrete wavelengths occur
ground state
closest orbit to nucleus
when an electron goes from a higher state to a lower state,
it emits energy
absorb energy going …, release going …
up, down
quantum mechanics
shows electrons as waves
4 quantum numbers
principal, angular momentum, magnetic, electron spin
quantum number rules
l = 0 to (n-1), ml = -l to l, ms = -1/2 or 1/2
nodal surfaces
areas with probability of finding an electron
