Chapter 7 Flashcards
(18 cards)
What are the four processes of oxygen/carbon dioxide
Pulmonary ventilation
Pulmonary diffusion
blood transport
Capillary diffusion
Define pulmonary ventilation
Movement of air into and out of lungs
Define pulmonary diffusion
exchange of oxygen and CO2 between lungs and blood
Define external respiration
Pulmonary ventilation and diffusion
Define internal respiration
Capillary diffusion
Inspiration is an ____ process involving the _____ and _____ ________ muscles
Active, diaphragm, external intercostal
During forced or labored breathing, inspiration is further assisted by the action of what muscles?
scaleni, sternocleidomastroid, pectorals
What causes expiration to be a passive process?
elasticity of lungs
During forceful expiration, what muscles assist?
Latissimus dorsi and quadratus lumborum, as well as abdominals
define spirometry
technique to measure amounts of air inspired and expired
Define tidal volume
amount of air entering and exiting the lungs with each breath
Define vital capacity
greatest amount of air that can be expired after maximal inspiration
Define residual volume
Air remaining in lungs after vital capacity is expired
define total lung capacity
Sum of Vital Capacity and Residual Volume
Two functions of pulmonary diffusion:
replenishes oxygen
removes CO2
How much blood do the lungs receive at rest?
4-6 L/min
Define respiratory membrance
Alveolar wall
Capillary wall
their respective basement membranes
Define Dalton’s Law
total pressure of mixture of gases is equal to
