Chapter 7 and 8 test

Question 1

What is an autotroph?

Answer 1

an organism that makes its own food

Question 2

Stomata

Answer 2

microscopic pores that CO2 enters and O2 exits in the leaf

Question 3

What is the function of the thylakoid membranes?

Answer 3

have chlorophyll molecules that capture light energy. They also house much of the machinery that converts light energy to chemical energy, which is used in the stroma to make sugar.

Question 4

What is the function of the stroma?

Answer 4

an envelope of two membranes encloses an inner compartment, which is filled with a thick fluid called stroma. Suspended in stroma is a system of

Question 5

What is the function of grana?

Answer 5

sites where light energy is trapped by chlorophyll and converted to chemical energy during the light reactions of photosynthesis. (Granum- singular for grana, stack of membrane-bounded thylakoids in chloroplast

Question 6

The oxygen in photosynthesis comes from?

Answer 6

h20

Question 7

What is the source of energy that provides the boost for electrons during photosynthesis?

Answer 7

light

Question 8

The light reactions occur in the _____; the calvin cycle occurs in the ________.

Answer 8

thylakoid membranes

stroma

Question 9

Which of the following are produced during the light reactions of photosynthesis?

Answer 9

ATP, NADPH, O2

Question 10

Which of the following are produced during the calvin cycle?

Answer 10

Glucose, ADP, NADP+

Question 11

What is carbon fixation?

Answer 11

when carbon and oxygen from CO2 are incorporated into an organic molecule

Question 12

Why are most plants green?

Answer 12

because chlorophyll A reflects green light

Question 13

What color contributes the least energy to photosynthesis?

Answer 13

green

Question 14

What is a photon?

Answer 14

the energy that excites p680 and p700

Question 15

In a photosystem, clusters of chlorophyll A, B, and carotenoid pigments function most like?

Answer 15

An antenna

Question 16

The energy that excites p680 and p700 is supplied by?

Answer 16

photons

Question 17

What are the electron transport chains of the light reactions? And how do they function?

Answer 17

1st electron transport chain in the light reactions connects the photosynthesis and the second chain ends in the production of NADPH.

Question 18

The electrons lost from the reaction center of photosystem II are replaced by electrons from?

Answer 18

electrons stripped from a water molecule.

Question 19

What is Photosystem II and how does it function?

Answer 19

One of two light capturing units in a chloroplasts thylakoid membrane; it has 2 molecules of p680 chlorophyll A at its reaction center makes ATP and uses electrons from light.

Question 20

Photophosphorylation during photosynthesis differs from oxidative phosphorylation during cellular respiration in that?

Answer 20

The final electron acceptor is NADP+ and not oxygen.

Question 21

How does chloroplast ATP synthase function?

Answer 21

couples the flow of H+ to the phosphorylation of ADP

Question 22

Photosynthetic organisms derive their carbon from?

Answer 22

carbon dioxide

Question 23

In photosynthesis what do ATP and NADPH do?

Answer 23

fuel the assembly of sugar molecules

Question 24

To produce one glucose, the calvin cycle needs to be run?

Answer 24

6 times

Question 25

What is G3P?

Answer 25

an energy rich molecule that a plant cell can use then

Question 26

What is the main adaptive of the C4 and CAM Photosynthesis strategies over the C3 strategy?

Answer 26

They help the plant conserve water and synthesize glucose efficiently under hot/dry conditions.

Question 27

The ultimate source of energy is?

Answer 27

The sun

Question 28

Which of the following statements about the greenhouse effect is true?

Answer 28

Exacerbated by the use of fossil fuels

Question 29

Ozone is

Answer 29

O3

Question 30

What are chlorofluorocarbons?

Answer 30

Organic compound that contains carbon/chlorine/fluorine produced as a volatile derivative of methane and ethane.

Question 31

Which of the following statements regarding sexual and asexual reproduction is true?

Answer 31

Sexual reproduction is more likely to increase genetic variation than asexual reproduction

Question 32

With the exception of identical twins, siblings who have the same biological parents Are likely to look similar, but not identical to each other because they have

Answer 32

A similar but not identical set of genes

Question 33

Which of the following statements regarding prokaryotes is false?

Answer 33

Prokaryotic chromosomes are more complex than those of eukaryotes.

Question 34

Eukaryotic chromosomes differ from prokaryotic chromosomes in that they?

Answer 34

Histone proteins, chromosomes in a nucleus, several to many chromosomes, elongated not circular chromosomes

Question 35

What are sister chromatids?

Answer 35

2 identical copies of a single chromosome that are connected by a centromere

Question 36

What is the nucleoli?

Answer 36

Plural of the nucleus, round granular structure within the nucleus of a cell composed of protein/RNA

Question 37

What is chromatin?

Answer 37

The material of which the chromosomes of organisms other than bacteria are composed it consists of protein/RNA/DNA

Question 38

Prophase

Answer 38

Stage of mitosis in which the chromatin condenses into a highly ordered structure called a chromosome

Question 39

Metaphase

Answer 39

Stage of mitosis and meiosis that follows prophase and comes before anaphase, during which condensed chromosomes become aligned before being separated.

Question 40

Anaphase

Answer 40

Phase of cell division during which the pair of chromosomes move apart.

Question 41

Telophase

Answer 41

Period wherein the chromosomes arrive at poles the microtubles disappear and the nuclear envelope forms.

Question 42

Interphase

Answer 42

Phase of cell cycle in which the cell spends the majority of it time and performs majority of its purpose