Chapter 7 Axial Skeleton Flashcards
- What are the 2 main divisions of the human skeleton and describe their general functions
a. Axial Skeleton i. Protects the brain, the spinal cord, and the vital organs housed within the thorax b. Appendicular
8 Braincase
a. Parietal – 2 b. Temporal – 2 c. Frontal – 1 d. Sphenoid – 1 e. Occipital – 1 f. Ethmoid – 1
14 Face
a. Maxilla – 2 b. Zygomatic – 2 c. Palatine – 2 d. Lacrimal – 2 e. Nasal – 2 f. Inferior nasal concha – 2 g. Mandible – 1 h. Vomer – 1
- Alveolar process
a. Ridges on the mandible and maxilla containing the teeth
- Palatine process
a. Anterior two-thirds of the hard palate
- temporal lines
a. attachment site for the temporalis muscle, which closes the jaw
- Crista galli
a. Process in the anterior part of the braincase, to which one of the connective tissue coverings of the brain (dura mater) connects i. Ethmoid
- Petrous portion
a. Thick, interior part of the temporal bone containing the middle and inner ears and the auditory ossicles
- Sella turcica
a. Bony structure, resembling a saddle in which the pituitary gland is locate iii. Sphenoid
- Define fontanel and explain its purpose
a. It is the soft spot on an infant’s skull b. They allow for rapid stretching and deformation of the cranium as the brain expands c. Located where the sutures in adults are
- Name the 4 main cranial sutures and describe their location
a. Sagittal suture i. Joins the parietal bones b. Coronal suture i. Joins the frontal to the parietal bones c. Lamboid suture i. Joins the occipital bone to the parietals d. Squamous suture i. Joins the temporal bone to the parietal
a. Sagittal suture
i. Joins the parietal bones
b. Coronal suture
i. Joins the frontal to the parietal bones
c. Lamboid suture
i. Joins the occipital bone to the parietals
d. Squamous suture
i. Joins the temporal bone to the parietal
- Name the bones that comprise the zygomatic arch
a. Temporal b. Zygomatic c. Maxilla
- Name the bones that contribute to the orbit (eye socket)
a. Frontal – roof b. Sphenoid – roof and posterolateral wall c. Zygomatic – lateral wall d. Maxilla – floor e. Lacrimal – medial wall f. Ethmoid – medial wall g. Palatine – medial wall
- Where is the sella turcica and what structure occupies it?
a. Bony structure, resembling a saddle, in which the pituitary gland is located b. Bones i. Sphenoid
a. Crista Galli
i. Prominent ridge located in the center of the anterior fossa ii. Point of attachment for one of the meninges iii. Ethmoid Bone iv. Vertical projections providing point of attachment for the dura mater, helping to secure the brain within the skull
b. Cribiform Plate
i. Floor of each olfactory fossa ii. Ethmoid Bone iii. Bony plates lateral to the crista galli through which olfactory fibers (cranial nerve I) Pass to the brain from the nasal mucosa through the cribiform foramina. Together the cribiform plates and the midline crista galli form the horizontal plate of the ethmoid bone
- Which skull bones contain sinuses?
a. Maxilla b. Frontal c. Ethmoid d. Sphenoid
- Name the bones that comprise the hard palate
a. Palatines b. Maxillary bones
- Name the bones that contain alveoli (alveolar processes) for teeth
a. Maxilla b. Mandible
- Name the bone that anchors the muscles of the tongue and describe what makes this bone unique
a. The hyoid bone b. Does not articulate with any other bones
