Chapter 7 - Cellular Respiration

Question 1

What is Photosynthesis?

Answer 1

They are converting light energy into chemical energy.

Question 2

What is Cellular Respiration?

Answer 2

When you take glucose and create ATP.

• When cells need energy, for specific method, it must be provided in the more directly usable form of ATP.
• When you release energy needed for all kinds of worrk.

Question 3

What is Aerobic?

Answer 3

When oxygen is needed.

Question 4

What is Anaerobic?

Answer 4

When there is no oxygen needed.

Question 5

What is NADH?

Answer 5

• It is the decreased form of NAD+

- It also accepts electrons in cellular processes.

Question 6

What is FADH2?

Answer 6

• It is the decreased form of FAD+

- It donates electrons in cellular processes.

Question 7

What is Active Transport?

Answer 7

It is the movement of substances through a membrane against a concentration gradient using membrane-bound carrier proteins and energy from ATP.

Question 8

What is Sodium-potassium pump?

Answer 8

It is an active transport mechanism which pumps sodium and potassium ions and out of a cell.

Question 9

What’s the purpose of the pump?

Answer 9

Without the pump the nerve and muscle cells couldn’t function.

Question 10

What is ATP?

Answer 10

Large-scale motion.

Question 11

What is The Process of Muscle Contraction?

Answer 11

Includes 2 different protein molecules sliding past each other.

Question 12

What are the functions requiring ATP?

Answer 12

• motion: causes various specialized fibres within cells to contract causing movement of the cell movements within the cell.
• transport of ions and molecules: causes muscles fibres to contract.
• building molecules - provides the energy needed to form many large molecules.
• switching reactions on or off - alters or changes the shape of a molecule, which alters the function of the molecule.
• bioluminescence - reacts with a molecule called luciferin and oxygen.

Question 13

What is Glucose?

Answer 13

it is blood sugar

Question 14

What are some facts about gluocse?

Answer 14

• They have a high energy content.
• They are relatively small.
• Also, they are highly soluble

Question 15

How much energy content of 1 glucose molecule is converted to ATP?

Answer 15

36%

Question 16

How much energy is released as heat?

Answer 16

64%

Question 17

What does aerobic cellular respiration require?

Answer 17

It requires oxygen

Question 18

What does anaerobic cellular respiration not require?

Answer 18

It doesn’t require oxygen

Question 19

What is Glycolysis?

Answer 19

It is when you harness energy which glucose molecules are broken into 2 pyruvate molecules.

Another word for “sugar splitting”

Question 20

What does Glycolysis not need?

Answer 20

It doesn’t need oxygen. Also it an anaerobic process.

Question 21

Where does Glycolysis take place in?

Answer 21

In the cytoplasm

Question 22

What are the 10 reactions in glycolysis?

Answer 22

2 ATP molecules are utilized

4 ATP molecules are manufactured

Question 23

What are the 4 stages of Aerobic Cellular Respiration?

Answer 23

1. glycolysis
2. pyruvate oxidation
3. The Krebs Cycle
4. The Electron Transport Chain

Question 24

What is the Anaerobic Cellular Respiration?

Answer 24

Takes place in the absence of oxygen.

Question 25

What is Mitochondria?

Answer 25

Round or sausage-shaped organelles that usually scattered throughout a cell's cytoplasm.

Question 26

What is Mitochondria Matrix?

Answer 26

Protein-rich liquid which fills the innermost space of a mitochondrion.

Question 27

What is Intermembrane Space?

Answer 27

Fluid-filled space among the inner and outer mitochondrial membranes.

Question 28

What are the 2 processes that eukaryotes use?

Answer 28

- Lactic Acid Fermentation | - Alcohol Fermentation

Question 29

What is Alcohol Fermentation?

Answer 29

The form of fermentation happening in yeast in which NADH passes it hydrogen atoms to acetadehyde, generating carbon dioxide, ethanol and NAD+.

Question 30

What is Lactic Acid Fermentation?

Answer 30

A form or shape of fermentation happening in animal cells in which NADH transports its hydrogen atoms to pyruvate, regenerating NAD+ and lactic acid.

Question 31

What is Maximum Oxygen Consumption VO2 max?

Answer 31

It's a measure of a body's capacity to generate the energy needed for physical activity.

Question 32

What is Lactic Acid Threshold?

Answer 32

It's the value of exercise intensity at which blood lactic acid concentration starts to increase sharply.

Question 33

What is Electron Transport?

Answer 33

it releases relatively large amounts of energy.

Question 34

What is used to pump H+ ions

Answer 34

Energy gone by the electron pair during the electron transport.