Chapter 7 - Change Flashcards
(29 cards)
Change
Any alteration in the internal or external environments.
Organisational Change
The adoption of a new idea or behaviour by an organisation.
To be PROACTIVE:
To initiate change rather than simply to react to events.
To be REACTIVE:
To wait for a change to occur and then respond to it.
RECESSION
A contraction in the level of economic activity resulting in reduced spending, rising unemployment and a slow rate of economic growth.
Emissions Trading Scheme
Regulates the buying and selling of permits to emit greenhouse gases. A permit allows emissions up to a prescribed cap or limit. Large emitters either choose to buy extra permits or invest in technologies that control emissions. If limits are exceeded, penalties are imposed.
Force-Field Analysis
Outlines the process of determining which forces drive and which resist a proposed change.
Driving Forces
Those forces that support the change.
Restraining Forces
Those forces that work against the change.
Organisational Inertia
An unenthusiastic response from management to proposed change.
Change Management Process
The sequence of steps that a manager would follow for the successful implementation and adoption of change.
Facilitator
Someone who helps people achieve an objective by providing unobtrusive assistance.
Change Agent
A person or group of people who act as catalysts, assuming responsibility for managing the change process.
Manipulation
The skilful or devious exertion of influence over someone to get them to do what you want.
Cooptation
Involves the selection of an influential person among the potential resistors to be involved in the development and implementation of the change process.
Leadership
The process of positively influencing and encouraging individuals to set and achieve objectives.
Transformational Change
Often results in a complete restructure throughout the whole organisation.
Incremental Change
Results in minor changes, usually involving only a few employees.
Structural Change
Refers to changes in the organisation’s structure - that is, the organisation chart.
Outsourcing
The contracting of some organisational operations to outside suppliers.
Teamwork
Involves people who interact regularly and coordinate their work towards a common goal.
Flexible Manufacturing
Production by computer controlled machines that can adapt to various versions of the same operation.
What are the 8 STEPS OF KOTTER’S THEORY??
- Urgency
- Powerful coalition
- Create a vision
- Communicate the vision
- Remove obstacles and empower staff
- Create short-term wins
- Consolidate
- Institutionalise
Internal Environment
All those things over which the organisation has some degree of control.
