Chapter 7: Democracy in Distress

Question 1

Partisan Politics

Answer 1

The idea of a two or more party system

Question 2

Departments of War, States, and Treasury

Answer 2

Washington nominated Henry Knox, Thomas Jefferson, Alexander Hamilton.

Question 3

Edmund Randolph

Answer 3

Severed as part time attorney general; slightly lower than department head

Question 4

Population (census)

Answer 4

Since the constitution required a population count, Thomas Jefferson organized the census

Question 5

Judiciary Act of 1789

Answer 5

Oliver Ellsworth; created the Supreme Court with a Chief Justice and 5 other judges

Question 6

John Jay

Answer 6

Chief Justice and leading New York politician

Question 7

Tariff of 1789

Answer 7

Government taxed 5% of import

Question 8

Hamilton and Jefferson’s differences:

Answer 8

Hamilton: implied powers, not bond by the constitution; grow closer to mother Britain
Jefferson: strict construction; bias = France

Question 9

Report on the Public Credit

Answer 9

Written by Hamilton; shows the nation’s $54 million debt

Question 10

Debt Assumption

Answer 10

The nation taking all of the state’s individual debts, combining them, and then paying them back via taxes

Virginia did to like this

Question 11

William Maclay

Answer 11

Hamilton’s most out spoken critic; Scots-Irish senator of PA

Question 12

New Federal Capital

Answer 12

As a compromise, Thomas Jefferson agreed give backers to Hamilton’s bill of debt assumption as long as the capital s moved to the Potomac River

Question 13

Bank of the United States

Answer 13

Purposed by Hamilton and passed because of his letter to George Washington was more convincing than Jefferson’s.

Used to stimulate economy, and borrowing, and

Question 14

“Defense of the Constitutionality of the Bank”

Answer 14

Hamilton’s letter to Washington that convinced him not to veto the bill creating the bank

Implied powers

Question 15

Implied Powers

Answer 15

The powers not stated in the constitution, but are implied in order for certain things to work

Question 16

Report of the Manufactures

Answer 16

Hamilton’s report showing his plans for making manufacturing a serious business in USA

Question 17

Federalists and Republicans

Answer 17

Federalists = Hamilton
Republicans = Jefferson

Question 18

Estates General

Answer 18

A representative assembly organized by Louis XVI that eventually led to his downfall

Question 19

French Revolution

Answer 19

The extremely violent revolution against the crown of France that led to the deaths of the monarch and many of his sympathizers

Question 20

Reign of Terror

Answer 20

A “reign” of a radical group called the Jacobins that included the be-headings of thousands of monarch sympathizers via guillotine

Question 21

Impressment

Answer 21

When, for example, Great Britain is a douche and stops an American trading vessel and makes them work for Great Britian

Question 22

Edmond Genet

Answer 22

French minister to the US who rallied a bunch of US ships to go and attack British ships in the name of France

All against the US’s neutrality

Question 23

Proclamation of Neutrality

Answer 23

Issued by the president

Question 24

Jay’s Treaty

Answer 24

After George Washington sent him to London, John Jay offered up a treaty involving the remove of British troops from US, payment for the lost ships, and acceptance of the US’s neutrality

Question 25

The Republican Interest

Answer 25

Jefferson's supports who believed the war was in favor of the French and that the British would need America for foodstuffs

Question 26

Hamilton's Treaty

Answer 26

The revised version of Jay's Treaty Royal Navy would still search ships, and impress suspected British citizens, and no money was to be replayed for the ships lost until America repaid its debts People thought the treaty turned against their interests

Question 27

Executive Secrecy

Answer 27

Could the president withhold information from the public? | Yes

Question 28

"The British Party"

Answer 28

The name that the Republicans dubbed the Federalists

Question 29

General Josiah Harmar

Answer 29

An American general that led his troops into an ambush during the period of Indian attacks in the Northwest Territory

Question 30

General Arthur St. Clair

Answer 30

Another general who lost 900 of his men to the Indians

Question 31

General Anthony Waine

Answer 31

The general of a major military force When the Indians and the Americans fought, the Indians had no British troops to back them. General at the Battle of Fallen Timbers

Question 32

Battle of Fallen Timbers

Answer 32

The fight between Indians and General Anthony Wayne, and his troops, that crushed Indian resistance in the Northwest Territory

Question 33

Treaty of Greenville

Answer 33

The treaty the Indians were practically forced to sign after the lose at the Battle of Fallen Timbers Gave the US the Ohio area

Question 34

Pinckney's Treaty

Answer 34

Also called the Treaty of Sn Lorenzo; opened up the Mississippi, right to deposit goods in New Orleans at no cost, and a promise to stay out of Indian affairs

Question 35

Gazette of the United States

Answer 35

Established by John Fenno | A political journal that sided with Hamilton's views

Question 36

National Gazette

Answer 36

Phillip Freneau | The Republican's counter to the Gazette of the United States

Question 37

Noah Webster

Answer 37

Spent the 1790s editing a Federalist journal (American Minerva) Later published An American Dictionary of the English Language

Question 38

Joel Barlow

Answer 38

Connecticut poet | Wrote in verse praise of the French Revoltution

Question 39

Whiskey Rebellion

Answer 39

Caused by Hamilton's Whiskey Tax (used to pay off war debt) Western PA Governor refused to do anything Washington formed an army to smother the Rebellion What rebellion? Led to the Republicans to believe that Washington did this to created a standing army

Question 40

Washington's Farewell Address

Answer 40

``` Warned about: Political factions Keep out of foreign affairs Powerful military Maintain national unity ```

Question 41

Election of 1796

Answer 41

Adams was elected president Jefferson elected Vice President Two opposing parties "working" together

Question 42

Electoral College

Answer 42

Fowl awes were manipulated by Hamilton to get Jefferson into office because he feared Adams would be too hard to manipulate Betrayal caused tension in the Federalist Party

Question 43

Timothy Pickering and James McHenry

Answer 43

The two people most infamous for going behind Adams' back and talking to Hamilton

Question 44

Pierre Adet

Answer 44

The French minister in Philly who openly tried to sway the election toward the Republicans

Question 45

Quasi War

Answer 45

The state of French impressment and America's almost going to war

Question 46

The High Federalists

Answer 46

Federalist extremists | Hamilton's wing of the party

Question 47

Talleyrand

Answer 47

The French minister of foreign affairs the the negotiating team did not meet with

Question 48

XYZ Affair

Answer 48

French agents X, Y, and Z refused the negotiating team to see Talleyrand until... A loan of $10 million dollars was given to France $250,000 given to France

Question 49

Provisional Army

Answer 49

A standing army led by Washington and Hamilton An expensive extravagance Was never used

Question 50

Benjamin Stroddert

Answer 50

Adam is elected him to be the head of the Navy Department. | Did not take orders from Hamilton

Question 51

The Alien and Sedition Acts

Answer 51

A series of bills passed by the Federalist majority to smother out political dissent

Question 52

Alien Enemies Law

Answer 52

The president could detain or deport immigrants of a nation that the US is at war with as long as they acted in a suspicious manner

Question 53

Alien Law

Answer 53

The president could expel any foreigner from the US the executed decree

Question 54

Neutralization Law

Answer 54

It takes 14 years before you could apply for citizenship | New immigrants tended to vote Republican

Question 55

The Sedition Law

Answer 55

Stated that if one criticized the government, you could be fine and imprisonment

Question 56

"Adam's Ample Posterior"

Answer 56

a drunk wandered out of a bar, saw a 16 gun salute to Adams, and stated that he wished a cannon ball would lodge itself in "Adams's Ample Posterior" He was arrested

Question 57

Matthew Lyon

Answer 57

A congressman running for reelection and said he thought the Adams administration has mishandled the Quasi War He spit in the eye of a Federalist Congressman, was sent to jail, and was still reelected him to Congress

Question 58

John Taylor

Answer 58

suggest that seceding from the Union when faced this the Sedition Law

Question 59

Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

Answer 59

Written by Jefferson and Madison States determine constitutionality of federal laws Kentucky Resolutions talked about how states have all the powers not mentioned in the Constitution Virginia Resolutions urged the states to defend the rights of the people

Question 60

Doctrine of Nullification

Answer 60

States can overthrow federal law

Question 61

William Vans Murray

Answer 61

Adams's choice for US rep in France | Thus begun Adams's "Let's replace everyone"

Question 62

Convention of Mortefontaine

Answer 62

where war was avoided, treaties of 1778 nullified, removed annoying commerce restrictions, and paved the way to the purchasing of the Louisiana Territory

Question 63

Election of 1800

Answer 63

split between the “I Hate Adams” and the “Jesus Christ, I Love Adams” fan clubs A tie between Pres and VP President: Jefferson VP: Burr

Question 64

Letter Concerning the Public Conduct and Character of John Adams

Answer 64

Written by Hamilton | told off how much of a piece of shit Adams was

Question 65

James A. Bayard

Answer 65

Of Delaware | tipped the vote towards Jefferson

Question 66

12th Amendment

Answer 66

cast separate ballots for VP and President

Question 67

"Midnight Judges"

Answer 67

those federalists appointed to the bench by Adams last minute

Question 68

"We are all Republicans, We are all Federalists"

Answer 68

Jefferson's inauguration speech to quiet partisan fears