Chapter 7: DNA Structure & Gene Function

Question 1

What is DNA?

What does it do?

Answer 1

Deoxyribonucleic Acid

Stores information that the cell needs to produce proteins

Question 2

What scientists showed that DNA contained genetic information?

Answer 2

Hershey and Chase

Question 3

Define nucleotide.

Answer 3

Building block of a nucleic acid

Question 4

DNA is a double helix?

True or False.

Answer 4

True

Question 5

Who are credited with the discovery of the X Ray image?

Who helped?

Answer 5

Watson and Crick

Rosalind Franklin

Question 6

What is a nucleotide made of?

Answer 6

Phosphate group, nitrogenous base, and 5 carbon sugar

Question 7

Hydrogen bonds connect nucleotides in complementary DNA strands

TRUE or FALSE

Answer 7

TRUE

Question 8

Chromatin= ______

Chromosome=_____

Answer 8

Loose DNA

Supercoiled DNA

Question 9

What type of protein transfers amino acids and has anticodon?

Answer 9

tRNA

Question 10

DNA > mRNA=

Answer 10

Transcription

Question 11

rRNA+ rRNA=

Answer 11

Ribosomes

Question 12

mRNA has codon and 3 nucleotides

TRUE or FALSE

Answer 12

TRUE

Question 13

Define genome

Answer 13

Genetic material in its cells that consist of one circular DNA

Question 14

What is Central Dogma

Answer 14

DNA > RNA > Proteins

Question 15

DNA to DNA

Answer 15

A-U
C- G 
G-C
T-A
A-U

Question 16

RNA

Answer 16

A-U
C-G
G-C
U-A

Question 17

DNA

Answer 17

A-T
G-C
T-A
C-G

Question 18

Define Codon.

Answer 18

3 nucleotide sequence that encode one amino acid

Question 19

TRNA

Answer 19

Translate genetic code using anticodon

Question 20

Transcription

Answer 20

Produces a messenger rNA molecule

Nucleus
DNA
RNA

Question 21

Translation

Answer 21

Information in the messenger RNA to make protein

Cytoplasm
Ribosome
Protein

Question 22

Gene

Answer 22

Sequence of encodes a specific protein

Question 23

Who are credited with the discovery of the X Ray image?

Who helped?

Answer 23

Watson and Crick

Rosalind Franklin

Question 24

What is a nucleotide made of?

Answer 24

Phosphate group, nitrogenous base, and 5 carbon sugar

Question 25

Hydrogen bonds connect nucleotides in complementary DNA strands TRUE or FALSE

Answer 25

TRUE

Question 26

Chromatin= ______ | Chromosome=_____

Answer 26

Loose DNA Supercoiled DNA

Question 27

What type of protein transfers amino acids and has anticodon?

Answer 27

tRNA

Question 28

DNA > mRNA=

Answer 28

Transcription

Question 29

rRNA+ rRNA=

Answer 29

Ribosomes

Question 30

mRNA has codon and 3 nucleotides TRUE or FALSE

Answer 30

TRUE

Question 31

Define genome

Answer 31

Genetic material in its cells that consist of one circular DNA

Question 32

What is Central Dogma

Answer 32

DNA > RNA > Proteins

Question 33

DNA to DNA

Answer 33

``` A-U C- G G-C T-A A-U ```

Question 34

RNA

Answer 34

A-U C-G G-C U-A

Question 35

DNA

Answer 35

A-T G-C T-A C-G

Question 36

Define Codon.

Answer 36

3 nucleotide sequence that encode one amino acid

Question 37

TRNA

Answer 37

Translate genetic code using anticodon

Question 38

Transcription

Answer 38

Produces a messenger rNA molecule Nucleus DNA Rna

Question 39

Translation

Answer 39

Information in the messenger rna to make protein Cytoplasm Ribosome Protein

Question 40

Gene

Answer 40

Sequence of encodes a specific protein

Question 41

How is mRNA modified before it leaves the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell?

Answer 41

Introns are removed and stay "in" the cell, exons exit

Question 42

DNA > RNA sequence: | AGTCTT

Answer 42

UCAGAA

Question 43

Where in the cell does translation occur?

Answer 43

In the cytoplasm at the ribosome

Question 44

Transcription happens in the nucleus. TRUE or FALSE

Answer 44

TRUE

Question 45

There are 20 amino acids in human cells. TRUE or FALSE

Answer 45

TRUE

Question 46

Define point mutation.

Answer 46

Changes one or few base pairs in a gene

Question 47

Define Frameshift and Wildtype

Answer 47

Mutations affect multiple codons

Question 48

What are the 3 types of mutations?

Answer 48

Insertion Deletion Substitution