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NFPA Structural Firefighting Strategy And Tactics > Chapter 7 - Fire protection systems > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Fire protection systems Flashcards

1
Q

Buildings equipped with fire protection systems, particularly sprinkler systems, are often permitted to reduce fire protection measures in other areas, such as ………..

A

Increasing the fire load
Or
Reducing the exit capacity

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2
Q

What is the best tactic for a building equipped with a properly operating automatic fire suppression system?

A

Pre-incident plan and let the system do its job

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3
Q

NFPA # Standard for the installation of sprinkler systems in low-rise residential occupancy’s

NFPA # Standard for the installation of sprinkler systems in one and two family dwellings and manufactured homes

A

NFPA 13R

NFPA 13D

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4
Q

The fire death rate in homes protected by a wet pipe sprinkler system is ….. % lower than in non-sprinkler protected homes

A

83%

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5
Q

Fire damage in homes with wet pipe sprinkler systems is …..% lower than in non-sprinkler protected homes.

A

69%

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6
Q

NFPA # for standard for the installation of sprinkler systems

A

NFPA 13

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7
Q

NFPA # for recommended practices for fire department operations in properties protected by sprinkler and standpipe systems

A

NFPA 13 E

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8
Q

What should be done when the sprinkler system or part of the system is out of service according to NFPA 25 Standard for the inspection, testing, and maintenance of water-based fire protection systems?

A

The system should be tagged at each FDC and system control valve

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9
Q

This system is the most often encountered sprinkler system, which is highly effective in the most reliable fire suppression system?

A

The wet pipe sprinkler system

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10
Q

…………….Are self-contained detection application devices, which account for their reliability. Valves control water distribution sprinkler piping, and fire pumps may be needed to provide the necessary water pressure and volume to the system.

A

Individual sprinkler heads

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11
Q

This system is used in areas that might be subject to freezing temperatures?

A

A dry pipe sprinkler system

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12
Q

Piping in a dry system is filled with ….. that is under pressure instead of water. When the sprinkler head opens because of a fire, the …… bleeds out of the system. This reduction in ….. pressure causes the main valve to open, flooding the system with water that ultimately discharges from the open sprinkler head.

A

Air

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13
Q

A dry sprinkler system that uses a deluge valve instead of a dry pipe valve that requires activation of a secondary device before the pipe fills with water

A

Pre-action sprinkler system

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14
Q

Walls designed to limit horizontal spread of the fire that extends partially down (usually no more than 20% of the height of the compartment) from the underside of the roof

A

Draft curtains

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15
Q

If fire crews are properly trained to do so, how should they place sprinkler systems back in service?

A

Replacing fused sprinklers and re-opening valves

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16
Q

The sprinkler head being replaced must be the same …… and …… rating as the existing sprinkler head

A

Type and temperature rating

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17
Q

This …….. system often protects highly flammable materials or other high hazard materials. Pre-incident planning is essential as well as identifying when it is unsafe to approach the area being protected by a ………

A

Deluge systems

Deluge sprinkler system

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18
Q

If the system is needed for fire control, the deluge valve should be activated manually provided it is in a …………

A

Safe location

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19
Q

In the case of a transformer fire, it is best to stay out of secured areas and ……..

A

Allow the system to do its job

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20
Q

As with the wet and dry pipe sprinkler systems, it is better to shut down the deluge system too late rather than ……..

A

Too early

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21
Q

Even with the hose lines in place, it may be impossible to safely and effectively apply the quantity of water necessary to control the fire if the system is ………….

A

Shut down too soon

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22
Q

A piping system with discharge outlets at various locations: in high-rise buildings and outlet will normally be located in the stairway of each floor level. Most are connected to a water source and the pressure is boosted by a fire pump.

A

Standpipe systems

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23
Q

NFPA # for standard for the installation of standpipe and hose systems

A

NFPA 14

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24
Q

In this system, the piping is filled with pressurized air or nitrogen but is connected to a water supply that automatically admits water into the system when they discharge is opened.

A

Automatic dry

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25
Q

In this system piping is filled with water, and water is provided when the discharge is opened

A

Automatic wet

Most common standpipe system

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26
Q

In this system, a dry standpipe which admits water into the system piping upon activation of a remote control device located at a hose connection

A

Semi automatic dry

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27
Q

This system that is filled with air and does not have a water supply: the system relies entirely on water provided via the FTC to supply hose lines.

A

Manual dry

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28
Q

This system is filled with water connected to a water supply that maintains water in the system, but is not capable of providing water for fire fighting purposes unless it is supplied by a fire department pumper

A

Manual wet

29
Q

This system supplies both sprinklers and stand pipes

A

Combined system

30
Q

A standpipe system having piping containing water at all times

A

Wet standpipe system

31
Q

NFPA 14 Define three types of standpipes.(Class I, Class II, and Class III)

A

Class I -standpipe system provides a 2 1/2 inch hose connection to supply water for fire department use

Class II- standpipe system provides 1 1/2 inch hose connections and hose stations to supply water for used primarily by trained personnel or by fire department during initial response.

Class III- standpipe system provides 1 1/2 inch hose stations to supply water for use by trained personnel and 2 1/2 inch hose connections to supply a larger volume of water for use by the fire department

32
Q

Older codes generally specify …… psi at the standpipe outlet, where as modern codes usually require …… psi?

A

65 psi

100 psi

33
Q

When the standpipe system is connected to a fire pump, it is important to determine whether the buildings fire pump is providing sufficient pressure and volume to support firefighting operations. If not, it may be necessary for the fire department to either …….. or ………..

A

Supplement the water supply
Or
Provide all the water needed through the FDC

34
Q

If an FDC has more than two intakes, this indicates that a flow greater than …….. may be required?

A

500 GPM

35
Q

It is best to supply how many intake connections to the standpipe system being used?

A

All intake connections

36
Q

What is the water supply requirement for most standpipe operations?

A

Two 2 1/2 or 3 inch hose lines connected to the FDC

Pumper being supplied from a hydrant by LDH or soft suction connection

37
Q

In most operations, an allowance of ……. psi of friction loss is adequate for the standpipe system piping?

A

10 to 15 psi

38
Q

It is highly recommended to carry a …….. as part of the standpipe equipment, which allows the fire attack crew to control the outlet pressure at the point of use.

A

Pressure regulator with gauge

39
Q

It is poor practice to use the hose lines that are pre-connected to the buildings standpipe systems. Firefighters should bring their own ……. into the building.

A

Hoses, nozzles, and adapters

40
Q

Maneuvering a hose line through multiple obstacles often requires firefighters to be stationed at doorways or places where the hose has to make a sharp bend. Placing a fire fighter at the door leading to the hallway and rooms allows the door to be controlled to ………

A

limit ventilation

41
Q

What type of nozzles can produce an adequate stream at low discharge pressures and are often the best choice for standpipe operations?

A

Smoothbore nozzles

42
Q

Whenever possible, it is best to dedicate a stairway for fire operations and other stairs for……..

A

Occupant evacuation

43
Q

………. foam systems are usually found at properties store in large quantities of flammable and combustible liquids

A

Low expansion foam

44
Q

Refineries in petroleum storage depots normally protect above ground storage tanks with a foam system. A …….. will be located on the property or nearby, containing additional quantities of foam agent and a means of manually operating the system.

A

Foam House

45
Q

A fixed facility consisting of an enclosure housing a foam concentrate supply tank, a foam solution proportioning system, a pump, and sometimes an extra supply of foam concentrate that can be added to the proportioning system

A

Foam house

46
Q

What is the number one defense against flammable liquid fires but is nearly useless on pressurized liquid or gases?

A

Foam

47
Q

Foam for use on fires in Class A fuel’s such as vegetation, wood, cloth, paper, rubber, and some plastics

These systems are rare

A

Class A foam

-Increases the effectiveness of water and adheres well to exposed structures

48
Q

………. Is used in areas where preventing water damage is a prime objective or where extinguishing agent is more effective than water or dry chemical agents.

………..Is not a conductor of electricity and is also used near electrical equipment

A

Carbon dioxide

49
Q

If ventilation systems are not shut down or the compartment is opened, the carbon dioxide will quickly dissipate and the fire may ……….

A

Rekindle

50
Q

Carbon dioxide extinguishes by depleting the ………….

A

Oxygen supply

51
Q

Carbon dioxide systems generally requires carbon dioxide concentrations ranging from ……. to ……….

A

34% to 75%

52
Q

Carbon dioxide is extremely cold when discharged: it is also heavier than air and may accumulate in ……….. Firefighters entering a room where carbon dioxide system has discharged must wear SCBA

A

Low or remote locations

53
Q

Halon 1301 is a known ………. chemical and is no longer produced.

A

Oxygen depleting chemical

54
Q

These were once thought to be a miracle agent and is now on its way to being phased out?

A

Halogenated agents

55
Q

Which system is widely used to suppress fires in cooking appliances, ductwork, and other related areas?

A

Dry chemical systems

56
Q

The dominant application of dry chemical systems are by the use of ……….?

A

Kitchen hood systems

57
Q

How many major types of standpipe systems exist?

A
  1. Automatic wet
  2. Automatic dry
  3. Semi automatic dry
  4. Manual wet
  5. Manual dry
58
Q

Each vertical foot of water in a pipe, hose, or tank exerts a pressure of ……. at the base?

Back pressure- A.k.a. elevation pressure, the pressure required to overcome the weight of water in a piping or hose system

A

0.434 psi

59
Q

Fire pumps are not generally included in which NFPA systems?

A

NFPA 13R and 13D

60
Q

Deluge systems are equipped with manually operated _____ _____that can be used if the detection device fails to operate

A

Override valves

61
Q

If there are signs of a fire and/or the sprinkler system is operating, the main objective is to ______ ______ ______while ensuring that occupants are safe

A

Support the system

62
Q

Large diameter hose is typically tested at 200 psi, but higher pressures may be required for _____ operations.

A

Standpipe

63
Q

When replacing these, it is critical that the proper ones are used.

A

Sprinkler heads

64
Q

These can be independent from or connected to the sprinkler system, (combined system), which may have different flow requirements than the three listed classes.

A

Standpipe

65
Q

In most cases, the standpipe system will meet the requirements of the code in effect when the building was ______ _____.

A

Originally built

66
Q

Communication between the pump operator, and the company on the fire floor are critical so that ______ ______ can be regulated to meet rate of flow requirements

A

Pump pressure

67
Q

In a standpipe operation, this hose increases the chance of successfully extinguishing the fire, therefore, it should be the primary attack hose line.

A

Larger diameter hose

68
Q

Clean agents are generally considered _____ to humans in the concentrations that are found in computer rooms and other installations.

A

Non-toxic

NFPA Structural Firefighting Strategy And Tactics (10 decks)

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