chapter 7 (human memory) Flashcards
(38 cards)
what are the three main processes of memory?
encoding, storage, retrieval
which type of memory holds information for less than a second?
sensory memory
which part of the brain is most critical for forming new long-term memories?
hippocampus
what type of memory interference occurs when old information hinders new learning?
proactive interference
what are the three memory stores?
sensory, short-term memory, and long-term memory
what is the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon?
when you feel like you know something but cannot recall it at the moment
what is context reinstatement?
thinking of the environment where an event occurred to aid retrieval
what is it called when you have memory distortion cause by misleading information?
misinformation effect
what role does the amygdala play in memory?
procesesses emotional information
what is anterograde amnesia?
inability to form new memories
what type of amnesia leads to the inability to recall old memories while still forming new ones?
retrograde amnesia
what is global amnesia
a condition where all memory processes are affected
what are the three encoding levels?
structural, phonemic, semantic
which structure is responsible for processing, retaining, and retrieving information?
prefrontal cortex
__________ is a memory store with a phonological loop, visuospatial sketchpad, episodic buffer, and a central executive
short term memory - “working memory”
what are flashbulb memories?
highly vivid and detailed memories of emotionally significant events
what is episodic memory?
long term - memory of personal experiences, including when and where they occurred
what is semantic memory?
long term memory - general knowledge
what is ineffective coding?
do not focus or process information deeply enough
if you learn something in a classroom; you might better remember in that classroom
encoding specificity principle
what role do context cues play in overcoming the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon?
recreate the original environment of encoding
at what processing depth is structural encoding?
shallow processing
focusing on the sounds of the word or other stimulus; intermediate processing
phonemic coding
clustering, conceptual hierarchies, schemas, scripts, semantic network
organization of long term memory
