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ARTH 1910 > Chapter 7 - Jewish and Early Christian Art > Flashcards

Chapter 7 - Jewish and Early Christian Art Flashcards

(106 cards)

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1
Q

What was Judaism centered in?

A

In the Old Testament

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2
Q

Who was the ‘Jesus of Nazareth’?

A

Mosiah

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3
Q

Jesus is ______ in human form?

A

god

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4
Q

Who was the final, all powerful prophet?

A

Muhammed

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5
Q

What are the religions of the book?

A

Judaism, Christian, Karan

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6
Q

Hebrew Scriptures belonged to which religion?

A

Judaism

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7
Q

The Bible belonged to which religion?

A

Christianity

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8
Q

What stories were depicted in the new testament?

A

gospel stories of Jesus, who rose from the dead 3 days later

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9
Q

Who revealed, in Arabic, the Coran to Muhammed?

A

Arch Angel Gabriel

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10
Q

torah

A

first 5 books god promised to Abraham

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11
Q

book of exodus

A

moses led a group of slaves to promiseland

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12
Q

canaan

A

semitic-speaking region and civilization, greeks eventually renamed it to Palestine

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13
Q

ten commandments

A

moses received a gold box, set of biblical principles relating to ethics and worship

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14
Q

ark of the covenant

A

gold-covered wooden chest described in the book of exodus as containing the two stone tablets of the ten commandments

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15
Q

soloman

A

10th century, built a temple (lst temple), the ark of covenant was placed in the inner most chamber of temple, also called Jedidiah

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16
Q

nebchadnezzar II

A

conquered jerusalem, destroyed the first temple and took the ark of the covenant

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17
Q

second temple

A

after Jesus returned from being exiled, built the second temple

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18
Q

Titus

A

roman emperor, was the first emperor to succeed his biological father

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19
Q

Islamic Holy Site : Dome of the Rock

A

site of destroyed temple, religious associations with Jews and Christians

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20
Q

Ark of the Covenant and Menorahs

A

theme of death, display ark of covenant and menorahs, ancient tree of life reference

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21
Q

Dura Europas

A

roman frontier town, walled off, important site of preserved wall paintings and sites found in the jewish and pagan building. would put dirt on either side of walls, covering the buildings near walls

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22
Q

Interior of the synagogue at Dura-Europos has wall paintings with themes of?

A

themes of the Old Testament

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23
Q

What was used to house torahs and scrolls?

A

niches

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24
Q

What is the name of the largest span and panels of painting of scenes in Synagogue?

A

Dura Europias

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25
synagogue
a house turned religious space
26
trinity
holy spirit, jesus and god
27
virigin mary
husband Joseph did not impregnate her, god did
28
crucifixion
method of capital punishment where the victim is tied or nailed to a large wooden beam (cross) and left to hang
29
resurrection
Christ rose from the dead 3 days after his death
30
council of nicaea 325
first council of nicaea, council of christian bishops convened in the bithynian city of nicaea by the roman emperor Constantine I
31
resurrection scene
3 virgin marys see an empty tomb with an angel = the visual notion of resurrection
32
ascension scene
christ's feet, everyone else below him = visual notion of ascension
33
nicean creed are all _____ by the end of time
resurrected
34
early Christianity : the book
mosaic of matthew, luke, john and marcus, christ died at 33 years old, wrote life of christ 40-70 years after death of christ
35
book of evangelists
matthew, figure in top right
36
saint jerome
pope responsible for organizing the bible, got rid of nostic gospels (gospel of Judice)
37
what bible was the popular bible?
vulgate bible
38
who was an important person in christianity?
emperor Constantine, without him, there would be no christianity, vision of cross during battle and won afterwards
39
what did saint paul do?
write letters to specific people
40
evangelists
matthew, mark, john and luke
41
symbol of man
matthew
42
symbol of lion
mark
43
symbol of ox
luke
44
symbol of eagle
john
45
what was different about john's gospel?
weird and different, theological
46
latin cross
regular cross
47
tau cross
'T' found in pilgrimage
48
saint peters (cross)
upside down 't' because of his crucifixion
49
chi rho
symbol of christ
50
spaces of death and afterlife
death and birth of Jewish church, the good shepherd; the story of Jonah and orants, painted on ceiling of cubiculum, in catacomb of saint peter and marcellinus
51
The Good Shepherd
figure in roundel w/ animal on shoulder. The good shepherd = christ with lamb on shoulder
52
cremation for romans and christians
romans were fine with cremation, while christians were not
53
jonah and the whale
story from the old testament, jonah was eaten by a whale and spat out after three days and ressurected
54
catacomb of comodilla
ceiling picture of christ, with alpha and omega symbols, squares with squares inside dome - as seen in pantheon
55
alpha symbol
beginning
56
omega symbol
end
57
who his a stone with a stick and gets water for baptism
Saint Peter
58
what is Saint Peter known for?
for the rock on which the first church was built
59
who was the first pope?
Saint Peter
60
christian building in dura europas
house transformed for early christian rituals
61
images decorating buildings
had something to do with the function of building
62
what did peter hitting rocks have to do with?
had to do with baptism
63
did not get big churches in which religion?
christianity
64
who did Romans persecute?
christians
65
where did people go to perform rituals of religion?
someone's house in dura europas
66
eucarist
first ritual, with bread and water
67
christian house
open floor plan, raised area for priest or person in charge, had a version of a mass, there was an empty space - speculation for people who were not baptized, third room - was for the baptistery
68
who were sarcophagus' for?
the wealthy
69
what was displayed on sarcophagus'?
orants, old and new testament scenes
70
sarcophagus of junius bassus
person buried was roman senator, part of the roman elite who converted to christianity; top left scene is of Isak and Abraham; bottom left scene is of people talking who are miserable sitting on dung heap
71
two forms of roman churches
basilica-plan church and central plan
72
basilica-plan church
clerestory, attrium, apse, central aisle, nave, double aisle
73
central plan
central dome area, sanctuary, apse, naos, aisle, narthex, atrium
74
what was the most important building in (christianity)?
vattican, dedicated to saint-peters
75
why was the orientation of the vatican east-to-west?
had to do with the typography of area and where Saint Peters was buried
76
orient church on feast date
dedicated to 16 century painting of Old Saint Peters
77
Santa Sabina, Rome
series of columns, round circular temple
78
what form of temples did Romans not want to use?
round circular temples
79
what form of temples did Romans use?
basilica style and building plan
80
Trier, Aula Nova
audience hall of constantine
81
romans appropriated what forms as church form?
basilica form
82
mosaic decorations
evolved from roman mosaics
83
why is Trier, Aula Nova important?
because of wooden door with the earliest image of cruxifiction
84
what story does the wooden door at Trier, Aula Nova depict?
ascension of Elijah
85
what is Santa Maria Maggiore?
a church
86
arcade
round arches connecting columns
87
how did mosaics evolve?
started as stone mosaics from Rome to wall mosaics made of glass, where they could colour glass
88
tesseraie
pieces of glass used for mosaics
89
who was Constanza?
Constantine's daughter
90
what was grape stomping used for?
as an hommage to Dionysus tradition
91
Mausoleum of Galla Placidia
mausoleum full of mosaics, another niche on opposite side, portable grill with guy, book and halo
92
where was jewish art found? where was christian art found?
Syria, Rome
93
what religions are monotheistic?
Judaism, Christianity, Islam
94
what is the Qu'ran?
book of islam
95
who was important to establishing the bible?
Jerome
96
jewelry of queen arnegunde
discovered in her tomb, excavated at the abbey of saint-denis, paris
97
cloisonné
areas of gold that are carved out and filled with colours, jewels, et
98
what was the biggest find in medieval history?
purse coverm shoulder clasps, belt buckle, utensils, helmets, shields
99
who is Redvald?
king of east, burial in Sutton Hoo might be his, put someone on a ship let them sail into afterlife
100
pair of spoons
written names saulos and paulos on spoons in greek
101
who were saulos and paulos?
saul and paul, characters from the new testament
102
Pope Gregory sent out St. Augustine to christianize where?
England
103
Gospel of Saint Augustine
important book for christianity in england and ireland, picture on the front is of Luke (symbol of ox)
104
book of kells
considered to be one of the best and most expensive books found, Chi-rho-iota (XPI)
105
lindisfarne gospel
cross carpet page, made purposeful mistake, sinceo nly god is perfection
106
codex amiatinus
ezra writing in a book, 515 calves killed to produce manuscript, 9 books in background refer to another 9 part manuscript

ARTH 1910 (4 decks)

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