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GenChem > Chapter 7 Thermodynamics > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Thermodynamics Flashcards

1
Q

What is temperature?

A

Measure of the average kinetic energy of a substance

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2
Q

What is heat?

A

Transfer of energy that results from differences of temperature between two substances.

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3
Q

What is an isolated system?

A

Exchange neither matter nor energy with the environment

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4
Q

What is a closed system?

A

Exchange energy but not matter with the environment

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5
Q

What is an open system?

A

Exchange both energy and matter with the environment

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6
Q

What is an isothermal process?

A

Occur at a constant temperature

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7
Q

What is an adiabatic process?

A

Exchange no heat with the environment.

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8
Q

What is an isobaric process?

A

occur at a constant pressure

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9
Q

What is an isovolumetric (isochoric) process?

A

processes occur at a constant volume

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10
Q

What are standard conditions?

A

298 K, 1 atm, and 1 M concentrations

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11
Q

What is sublimation?

A

A solid goes directly into the gas phase.

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12
Q

What is deposition?

A

Transition, from the gaseous to the solid phase

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13
Q

What are the state functions?

A

Mnemonic: When I’m under [pressure] and feeling [dense], all I want to do is watch [TV] and get [HUGS].

Pressure (P), density (ρ), temperature (T), volume (V), enthalpy (H), internal energy (U), Gibbs free energy (G), and entropy (S).

The physical properties of an equilibrium state; they are pathway independent

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14
Q

What is standard temp and pressure? (STP)

A

0°C (273 K), 1 atm pressure

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15
Q

Is bonding breaking endo or exothermic?

A

Endothermic

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16
Q

What is Critical point?

A

Phase boundary between liquid and gas.

Above the temp and pressure where there is no distinction between liquid and gas phases.

17
Q

What is the triple point?

A

Point where all three phases of matter exist in equilibrium

18
Q

What is enthalpy?

A

Total potential energy of the system (stored)

19
Q

What is Hess’s Law?

A

the total change in potential energy of a system is equal to the changes of potential energies of the individual steps of the process.

20
Q

What is specific heat?

A

the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one
gram of a substance by one degree Celsius (or one kelvin)

21
Q

What is the specific heat of water?

A

1 cal/g*K

GenChem (12 decks)

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