Chapter 8

Question 1

Drawbacks to masonry construction

Answer 1

Long term deterioration of mortar joints and labor intensiveness of laying individual units by hand

Question 2

what are the primary benefit of masonry components (4)

Answer 2

Durability and inherent resistance to
Weather
Fire
Insects

Question 3

2 Drawbacks to masonry construction (2)

Answer 3

Deteriorations of mortar joints
and
the labor intensiveness of laying individual units by hand

Question 4

Masonry bricks are fired in kiln at what temp and how long does the drying process take

Answer 4

2,400
and
40 to 150 hours

Question 5

Most common concrete masonry units

Answer 5

Hollow concrete blocks

Question 6

The most common size of Hollow concrete block

Answer 6

8x8x16

Question 7

what is the primary function of mortar

Answer 7

is to bond individual masonry units into a solid mass

Question 8

what is the compressive strengths of mortar

Answer 8

75 psi
to
2,500 psi

Question 9

what kind of wall that has not been undermined or weekended is usually the last structural component to fail in a wood joisted building

Answer 9

Well constructed masonry wall

Question 10

Fire Rated concrete masonry units fire resistance rating of

Answer 10

2-4 hours

Question 11

Non-fire rated masonry will do what when exposed to a fire or extensive weathering

Answer 11

May spall and crumble

Question 12

Ordinary construction is also know as what

Answer 12

Masonry wood joisted construction

Question 13

buildings of ordinary construction are classified as what in building codes

Answer 13

Type 3 exterior protected

Question 14

The weight that a wall can support will depend on what

Answer 14

width of the wall and whether it is reinforced or nonreinforced

Question 15

what materials used in the most commonly encountered load bearing masonry wall include (3)

Answer 15

Brick
Concrete block
Combination of brick and block

Question 16

single vertical column of masonry units in a wall usually brick or concrete block

Answer 16

Wythe

Question 17

Masonry can be used for

Answer 17

Non load bearing curtain walls or partitions

Question 18

The height of the building and the method of construction used will

Answer 18

Affect the thickness of a masonry wall

Question 19

Nonreinforced masonry walls are usually limited to

Answer 19

Maximum height of 6 stories

Question 20

Stretcher course has

Answer 20

Bricks placed end to end

Question 21

Soldier course has

Answer 21

Bricks placed vertically on end

Question 22

Head course has

Answer 22

Bricks placed with the end facing out

Question 23

The existence of header courses in a wall

Answer 23

Is one way to identify the method of construction of a masonry wall

Question 24

how to provide a stronger horizontal bond between two wythes

Answer 24

Header courses are used alternating with other types of courses

Question 25

Load bearing masonry walls may be constructed to the height of 10 stories or more with a wall thickness of only 12 inches when

Answer 25

Using Reinforced masonry

Question 26

Masonry wall that is reinforced with steel can

Answer 26

Have reduced thickness

Question 27

Common support for reinforced masonry walls is

Answer 27

A series of vertical steel rods placed between two adjacent withers of brick wall

Question 28

what is an exterior brick wall constructed with vertical cavity between the exterior wythe and the interior wythe

Answer 28

Cavity wall

Question 29

3 other forms of reinforcement of masonry wall

Answer 29

Buttresses Flying buttresses Pilasters

Question 30

structure projecting from a wall designed to receive lateral pressure action at a particular point

Answer 30

Buttress

Question 31

structure projecting form a wall designed to receive later pressure action at a particular point with a Gap between the lower part of the support and the structure

Answer 31

Flying Buttress

Question 32

rectangular masonry pillar that extends from the face of a wall to provide additional support for the wall

Answer 32

Pilaster

Question 33

In many applications such as residential and small commercial buildings wood joists or beams simply rest on a masonry wall in a indentation know as

Answer 33

Beam pocket

Question 34

Fire cut in wood joist

Answer 34

Slight angle cut at the end of the joist or beam and its purpose is to allow the beam to fall away freely from a wall in case of structural collapse without acting as a lever to pus against the masonry

Question 35

Masonry over an opening is supported by (3)

Answer 35

Lintel Arch Corbel

Question 36

Most common method of supporting load over openings in masonry is

Answer 36

Lintels

Question 37

materials used in lintels are

Answer 37

Steel Reinforced concrete reinforced masonry

Question 38

Parapet is an

Answer 38

Extension of a masonry or steel wall that projects above the roof 1 foot or more

Question 39

A parapet may also provide what

Answer 39

A barrier to prevent fire spread between closely spaced buildings

Question 40

Following forces can cause a parapet wall to lose structural integrity (4)

Answer 40

Exposure to high wind particularly if erosion of the mortar joints or other deterioration has occurred Roof collapse during the course of a fire impact from aerial ladders especially when forcefully extended or retracted Force of Master streams

Question 41

what can creating a combustible void that is not normally encountered in masonry walls that creates a concealed space through which fire can travel

Answer 41

False front

Question 42

Collapse zone are typically

Answer 42

At least 1.5 times the height of the building all around the buildings perimeter

Question 43

Strongest points in a masonry structure

Answer 43

Points of intersection such as stair wells or evaluator shafts and corners of the building

Question 44

Masonry construction affects fire behavior in 3 Profound ways

Answer 44

some deterioration of concrete masonry units CMU can occur because of exposure to fire conditions False fronts and some construction materials may not be protected along void spaces Combustible outcrops of roofs and fasciae change the dynamics of fire resistance in masonry in some types of buildings such as heavy timber construction.

Question 45

One way to stabilize a masonry structure under normal conditions is to extended a ____ in side of building through the masonry walls parallel to the joist and secured them in place outside the wall with ____and usually has a ____ to adjust tension to the rod

Answer 45

Steel Tie Rod Bearing Plates Turnbuckle

Question 46

one potential problem with the use of tie rods is

Answer 46

That the steel rods can become heated under fire conditions and stretch weakening the walls

Question 47

Bearing plates used where repairs have been undertaken are likely to be (3)

Answer 47

Less compatible with the architecture of the building steel channels may be used Not uniformly positioned on a wall Found in conjunction with other repairs

Question 48

Masonry walls can deteriorate from several causes including (3)

Answer 48

Erosion of the mortar or reinforcing steel as result of exposure to the elements including tensile stresses from the freeze/thaw cycle of weather Shifts in the foundation can cause cracks and misalignment of supports Wooden interior member can rot and shift from long term exposure to moisture