Chapter 8 Flashcards
What is psychosis?
state involving a loss of contact with reality as
well as an inability to differentiate between reality and
one’s subjective state
WHat is schizophrenia?
disorder consisting of unreal or disorganized thoughts and perceptions as well as verbal, cognitive,
and behavioral deficits
What are positive symptoms?
in schizophrenia, hallucinations,
delusions, and disorganization in thought and
behavior
What are delusions?
fixed beliefs with no basis in reality
What are persecutory delusions?
false, persistent beliefs that one is
being pursued by other people
What is delusion of reference?
false belief that external events, such
as other people’s actions or natural disasters, relate
somehow to oneself
What is grandiose delusions?
false, persistent beliefs that one has
superior talents and traits
What are delusions of thought insertion?
beliefs that one’s thoughts
are being controlled by outside forces
What are hallucinations?
perceptual experiences that are not real
What is formal thought disorder?
state of highly disorganized
thinking (also known as loosening of associations)
What is catatonia?
group of disorganized behaviors that reflect an
extreme lack of responsiveness to the outside world
What is negative symptoms?
in schizophrenia, deficits in functioning
that indicate the absence of a capacity present in
people without schizophrenia, such as restricted affect
What is restricted affect?
a symptom in which emotional expression
is reduced or absent
What is avolition?
inability to persist at common goal- directed
activities
What is prodromal symptoms?
in schizophrenia, milder symptoms
before an acute phase of the disorder, during which
behaviours are unusual and peculiar but not yet
psychotic or completely disorganized
What is residual symptoms?
symptoms associated with schizophrenia,
such as unusual beliefs or strange perceptual experiences,
that are present for at least six months
What is schizoaffective disorder?
disorder in which individuals
simultaneously experience schizophrenic symptoms
(i.e., delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech and
behavior, and/or negative symptoms) and mood
symptoms meeting the criteria for a major depressive
episode, a manic episode, or an episode of mixed
mania/depression
What is schizophreniform disorder?
disorder in which individuals
meet the primary criteria for schizophrenia but show
symptoms lasting only 1 to 6 months
What is brief psychotic disorder?
disorder characterized by the
sudden onset of delusions, hallucinations, disorganized
speech, and/or disorganized behavior that lasts only
between 1 day and 1 month, after which the symptoms
vanish completely
What is delusional disorder?
disorder characterized by delusions
lasting at least 1 month regarding situations that occur in real life, such as being followed, poisoned, or
deceived by a spouse or having a disease; people with
this disorder do not show any other symptoms of
schizophrenia
What is schizotypal personality disorder?
Chronic pattern of
inhibited or inappropriate emotion and social
behavior as well as aberrant cognitions and
disorganized speech
What are phenothiazines?
drugs that reduce the functional level of
dopamine in the brain and tend to reduce the
symptoms of schizophrenia
What is neuroleptics?
drugs used to treat psychotic symptoms
What is mesolimbic pathway?
subcortical part of the brain involved
in cognition and emotion
