Chapter 8 Flashcards
(22 cards)
Visible Minority
“Persons, other than Aboriginal people, who are non-Caucasian in race or non-white in colour”
Race
As biological entities ‘Race’ doesn’t exist, but still
matters!
* ‘Social mechanism’ – for ranking, dividing, controlling
* Allows social inequality to be created and perpetuated
Ethnic group
composed of people whose perceived cultural markers are socially significant
Racialization
The process in which people are viewed and judged essentially different in terms of their intellect, their morality, their values, and their worth because of differences of physical type or cultural heritage
Master narrative
is the story a nation tells about itself to celebrate its past and present.
The Powley Test (2003)
Determines whether FN and Métis people
can hunt without a license, “moderate livelihood”
Construction
Construction of certain groups of people as
biologically superior or inferior
Prejudice
the pre-judgment of others on the basis of their group membership
Discrimination
acts by which individuals are treated differently – rewarded or punished – based on their group
membership
Power
manifested where institutionalized advantages are regularly handed to one or more groups over others
Racial Bigotry:
open, conscious expression of racist views by an individual
Institutional or Systemic Racism:
racist practices, rules, and laws that have become
part of the system
Polite, Smiling, or Friendly Racism
racism hidden behind smiles or words that seem
friendly; microaggressions – casual remarks
Institutional Discrimination
Occurs when normal operations and
procedures of social institutions result
in unequal treatment of minorities
John Porter; “Vertical Mosaic: An Analysis of Class and Power in Canada” (1965)
Examined inequality in Canada
* Ranking in Canada among ethnic groups
* White, English, Protestants at the top in terms of
wealth, position/status, and power
* Indigenous people at bottom
Racial Profiling
Actions undertaken supposedly for reasons of
safety, security, or public protection, based on
racial stereotypes rather than on reasonable
suspicion, to single out an individual for greater
scrutiny or different treatment
Essentialism (primordialism)
View that every ethnic group is made
up of standardized traits that have
been carried down from the past to
the present with little or no change
1. Assumed: static view of culture
2. Assumed: change comes only from
outside forces
Colonialism
the economic and political exploitation of a weaker country or people by a stronger one
Postcolonialism
Theoretical framework that analyzes the
destructive impact of colonialism on both
the colonizer and the colonized
* Applied to study situations involving indirect
rule,
Epiphenomenal
describes a secondary
effect or phenomenon that arises from, but
does not causally influence, a separate
phenomenon
Instrumentalism
focuses on emerging ethnicity rather than on long-established ethnic characteristics
Ethnic Entrepreneurs
mobilize ethnicity for gain
